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Phylogenomics changes our understanding about earwig evolution
Systematic Entomology ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1111/syen.12420 Benjamin Wipfler 1 , Ward Koehler 2 , Paul B. Frandsen 3, 4 , Alexander Donath 1 , Shanlin Liu 5 , Ryuichiro Machida 6 , Bernhard Misof 1 , Ralph S. Peters 1 , Shota Shimizu 6 , Xin Zhou 5 , Sabrina Simon 2
Systematic Entomology ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1111/syen.12420 Benjamin Wipfler 1 , Ward Koehler 2 , Paul B. Frandsen 3, 4 , Alexander Donath 1 , Shanlin Liu 5 , Ryuichiro Machida 6 , Bernhard Misof 1 , Ralph S. Peters 1 , Shota Shimizu 6 , Xin Zhou 5 , Sabrina Simon 2
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Earwigs are one of the comparatively species‐poor insect orders. Although various aspects of the phylogeny of this lineage are poorly understood, before the present study, there was a general consensus that Dermaptera comprises two major lineages: the paraphyletic Protodermaptera or ‘lower earwigs’ and the monophyletic Epidermaptera or ‘higher earwigs’, which are nested within the former. Our phylogenomic study based on the analysis of 3247 nuclear single‐copy genes reverses these relationships by placing monophyletic Protodermaptera within paraphyletic Epidermaptera. This phylogenetic reversal among the major earwig lineages is not contradicted by morphological arguments but results in far‐reaching reinterpretations of the dermapteran ground plan. Within Dermaptera, Apachyidae form the sister group to the remaining earwigs which might imply that social behaviour is not part of the earwig ground plan. Our results corroborate the monophyly of Eudermaptera within Epidermaptera and the paraphyly of several traditional families. The monophyly of Protodermaptera is supported by molecular and morphological evidence, although the exact position of Karschiellidae which were not included in the molecular dataset cannot be determined.
中文翻译：
系统基因组学改变了我们对耳螈进化的理解
蠼螋是物种相对贫乏的昆虫目之一。尽管对该谱系系统发育的各个方面知之甚少，但在本研究之前，人们普遍认为皮翅目包括两个主要谱系：并系的原皮翅目或“下耳螟”和单系表皮翅目或“高耳螟”，它们是嵌套在前者中。我们基于对 3247 个核单拷贝基因分析的系统发育研究通过将单系原皮翅目置于并系表皮翅目中来逆转这些关系。主要耳螈谱系之间的这种系统发育逆转与形态学论点并不矛盾，但导致对皮肤昆虫平面图的深远重新解释。在 Dermaptera 中，Apachyidae 与其余的蠼螋形成姐妹群，这可能意味着社会行为不是蠼螋基本计划的一部分。我们的结果证实了表皮翅目中真翅目单系和几个传统科的副系。尽管无法确定未包含在分子数据集中的 Karschiellidae 的确切位置，但原皮翅目的单系得到了分子和形态学证据的支持。
更新日期：2020-01-13
中文翻译：
系统基因组学改变了我们对耳螈进化的理解
蠼螋是物种相对贫乏的昆虫目之一。尽管对该谱系系统发育的各个方面知之甚少，但在本研究之前，人们普遍认为皮翅目包括两个主要谱系：并系的原皮翅目或“下耳螟”和单系表皮翅目或“高耳螟”，它们是嵌套在前者中。我们基于对 3247 个核单拷贝基因分析的系统发育研究通过将单系原皮翅目置于并系表皮翅目中来逆转这些关系。主要耳螈谱系之间的这种系统发育逆转与形态学论点并不矛盾，但导致对皮肤昆虫平面图的深远重新解释。在 Dermaptera 中，Apachyidae 与其余的蠼螋形成姐妹群，这可能意味着社会行为不是蠼螋基本计划的一部分。我们的结果证实了表皮翅目中真翅目单系和几个传统科的副系。尽管无法确定未包含在分子数据集中的 Karschiellidae 的确切位置，但原皮翅目的单系得到了分子和形态学证据的支持。
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