The rice–wheat rotation model of crop planting is widely used globally, and worldwide, straw returning is the main method of crop straw treatment. However, the straw return method commonly used in the modern rice–wheat rotation system has many adverse effects on the levels and improvement of soil fertility and crop yield, and there is no systematic theory of rice and wheat straw returning to use as a guide. In this paper, we concluded that: in the rice–wheat rotation system, returning 1,500–4,500 kg/ha of rice straw and 2,250–6,750 kg/ha of wheat straw to the field helps increase the organic carbon content and quality of the soil and promotes high annual yields; conventional mixing of straw into the field can increase the organic carbon content of the soil in a short time; long‐term use of concentrated ditch‐buried straw return has obvious advantages over other straw returning methods in increasing the accumulation of soil organic carbon; the combination of little or no tillage plus straw returning helps increase the content and quality of organic carbon in soil; and when the soil water content is 15%–22.5%, it is the most conducive to the accumulation of soil organic carbon. In addition, we also provide relevant suggestions for future research directions on straw returning via systematic analyses and thought processes.

中文翻译：

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稻麦轮作系统中秸秆还田对土壤有机碳的影响研究进展

作物种植的稻麦轮作模型在全球范围内得到广泛使用，在世界范围内，秸秆还田是作物秸秆处理的主要方法。但是，现代稻麦轮作系统中常用的秸秆还田方法对土壤肥力和农作物的水平和水平提高有许多不利影响，没有稻米和小麦秸秆还田的系统理论可以作为指导。在本文中，我们得出的结论是：在稻麦轮作系统中，将1,500–4,500 kg / ha的稻草和2,250–6,750 kg / ha的麦秸返回到田间有助于提高有机碳含量和土壤质量并提高高年产量；传统的将稻草混入田间可以在短时间内增加土壤的有机碳含量；与其他秸秆还田方法相比，长期使用集中沟渠秸秆还田在增加土壤有机碳积累方面具有明显优势。少耕或少耕加上秸秆还田的结合，有助于增加土壤中有机碳的含量和质量；当土壤含水率为15％〜22.5％时，最有利于土壤有机碳的积累。此外，我们还通过系统的分析和思考过程，为秸秆还田的未来研究方向提供了相关建议。它最有利于土壤有机碳的积累。此外，我们还通过系统的分析和思考过程，为秸秆还田的未来研究方向提供了相关建议。它最有利于土壤有机碳的积累。此外，我们还通过系统的分析和思考过程，为秸秆还田的未来研究方向提供了相关建议。