Author(s): Parsons, LS; Sayre, J; Ender, C; Rodrigues, JLM; Barberan, A | Abstract: © 2020 Society for Ecological Restoration Most restoration projects involving invasive plant eradication tend to focus on plant removal with little consideration given to how these invasives change soil microbial communities. However, soil microorganisms can determine invasibility of habitats and, in turn, be altered by invasives once established, potentially inhibiting native plant establishment. We studied soil microbial communities in coastal dunes with varying invasion intensity and different restoration approaches (herbicide, mechanical excavation) at Point Reyes National Seashore. Overall, we found evidence of a strong link between bacterial and fungal soil communities and the presence of invasives and restoration approach. Heavily invaded sites were characterized by a lower abundance of putatively identified nitrifiers, fermentative bacteria, fungal parasites, and fungal dung saprotrophs and a higher abundance of cellulolytic bacteria and a class of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Archaeosporomycetes). Changes in soil microbiota did not fully dissipate following removal of invasives using herbicide, with exception of reductions in cellulolytic bacteria and Archaeosporomycetes abundance. Mechanical restoration effectively removed both invasives and soil legacy effects by inverting or “flipping” rhizome-contaminated surface soils with soils from below and may have inadvertently induced other adverse effects on soils that impeded reestablishment of native dune plants. Land managers should consider additional measures to counteract lingering legacy effects and/or focus restoration efforts in areas where legacy effects are less pronounced.

中文翻译：

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加利福尼亚州恢复和未恢复的沿海沙丘生态系统中的土壤微生物群落

作者（S）：帕森斯，LS；赛尔，J；安德，C；罗德里格斯，JLM；巴伯兰，A | 摘要：© 2020 生态恢复协会 大多数涉及根除入侵植物的恢复项目往往侧重于植物清除，很少考虑这些入侵植物如何改变土壤微生物群落。然而，土壤微生物可以决定栖息地的入侵性，反过来，一旦建立，就会被入侵者改变，可能会抑制本地植物的建立。我们在 Point Reyes National Seashore 研究了具有不同入侵强度和不同恢复方法（除草剂、机械挖掘）的沿海沙丘中的土壤微生物群落。总体而言，我们发现了细菌和真菌土壤群落与入侵和恢复方法的存在之间存在密切联系的证据。重度入侵地点的特征是假定确定的硝化菌、发酵细菌、真菌寄生虫和真菌粪便腐生菌的丰度较低，而纤维素分解细菌和一类丛枝菌根真菌（古孢子菌）的丰度较高。使用除草剂去除入侵物后，土壤微生物群的变化并未完全消失，但纤维素分解细菌和古孢子菌丰度的减少除外。机械修复通过从下方倒置或“翻转”受根茎污染的表层土壤，有效地消除了入侵物和土壤遗留效应，并且可能无意中对土壤造成了其他不利影响，从而阻碍了本地沙丘植物的重建。