Along elevational gradients, phylogenetic relatedness patterns constitute a considerable source of information and may shed light on ecological processes that structure communities. This study focuses on community phylogenetic structure of planthoppers, specifically the species‐rich and abundant Fulgoromorpha families (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha), Cixiidae and Derbidae + Achilidae, along an elevational gradient on Mount Wilhelm (Papua New Guinea). In order to assess the factors driving planthoppers community composition, we recorded abundance data for planthoppers species at each elevation and we generated a molecular phylogeny of the local species, using Bayesian inference. We analyzed 168 individuals representing 59 local morphospecies. Using a fully resolved and well‐supported phylogeny, we then investigated the phylogenetic structure of the communities by performing a Spatial Analysis of Community Diversity. We show that Cixiidae are phylogenetically clustered along the elevational gradient, whereas Derbidae + Achilidae harbor a random structure, suggesting that local adaptation to elevation shapes community structure of Cixiidae, but not that of Derbidae + Achilidae. Our findings highlight the importance of phylogenies in the study of tropical elevational gradients.

中文翻译：

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巴布亚新几内亚的爬升筛选和飞虱（半翅目，Fulgoromorpha）的进化

沿着海拔梯度，系统发育相关性模式构成了可观的信息来源，并可能揭示构成社区的生态过程。这项研究的重点是飞虱的群落系统发育结构，特别是物种丰富和丰富的Fulgoromorpha科（半翅目，Auchenorrhyncha），Cixiidae和Derbidae + Achilidae，以及在威廉山（巴布亚新几内亚）的海拔梯度。为了评估驱动飞虱群落组成的因素，我们记录了每个海拔高度上的飞虱物种的丰度数据，并使用贝叶斯推断得出了本地物种的分子系统发育史。我们分析了代表59个当地形态物种的168个人。使用完全解析且得到充分支持的系统发育系统，然后，我们通过对社区多样性进行空间分析来调查社区的系统发育结构。我们显示，Cixiidae沿着海拔梯度在系统发生上聚类，而Derbidae + Achilidae则具有随机结构，这表明本地对海拔的适应性塑造了Cixiidae的群落结构，而不是Derbidae + Achilidae的群落结构。我们的发现突出了系统发育在热带海拔梯度研究中的重要性。