Emerging conflict between conservation programmes: when a threatened vertebrate facilitates the dispersal of exotic species in a rare plant community,Animal Conservation

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Emerging conflict between conservation programmes: when a threatened vertebrate facilitates the dispersal of exotic species in a rare plant community
Animal Conservation ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-18 , DOI: 10.1111/acv.12579
M. Sigaud _{1,

2} , T. H. E. Mason _{1,

3} , F. Barnier _{1,

4} , S. G. Cherry ₅ , D. Fortin ₁

Affiliation

As an ever‐increasing variety of conservation programmes are applied in human‐altered environments, there is a growing risk that different conservation actions with conflicting objectives may impede one another. Preventing and resolving the negative impacts of such conflicting conservation programmes could become a key challenge for conservationists. To date, however, the issue of conflicting conservation programmes has been largely overlooked. We explored a potential conflict between the preservation of threatened free‐ranging plains bison Bison bison bison and the conservation in a National Park of a rare plant community – native rough fescue Festuca hallii grasslands. We investigated the dispersal of exotic seeds by examining 283 samples of bison faeces and the spatial distribution of exotic plant species in relation to bison behaviour. We showed that bison facilitated the long‐distance dispersal of exotic plant species into the park by transporting seeds. Our analysis indicated there was a high probability (>75%) of occurrence of clover Trifolium spp. and timothy Phleum pratense on bison trails across 38% and 27%, respectively, of fescue grassland area. There was also a high probability of occurrence of timothy on bison wallows across 20% of fescue grasslands area. Furthermore, we demonstrated that exotic plant species were most likely to occur within 3 km of potential introduction points, and identified specific grassland patches most at risk of exotic plant species introduction by bison. By revealing the ecological mechanism underlying the emergence of a potential conflict, we were able to delineate spatial variation in the relative threat that bison might pose to the integrity of native fescue plant communities, allowing managers to optimize the allocation of conservation effort. Our study highlights the value of understanding the ecological mechanisms driving conflict between conservation programmes in order to set evidence‐based priorities for guiding future conservation decision‐making.

中文翻译：

保护计划之间新出现的冲突：受威胁的脊椎动物促进稀有植物群落中外来物种的传播

随着在人类改变的环境中应用越来越多的保护计划，存在越来越大的风险，即目标相互冲突的不同保护行动可能相互妨碍。预防和解决这种相互矛盾的保护计划所带来的负面影响可能成为保护主义者面临的主要挑战。但是，迄今为止，保护计划相互矛盾的问题在很大程度上被忽视了。我们探讨了濒临灭绝的野牛北美野牛野牛野牛的保护与国家公园中稀有植物群落（原生羊茅羊茅Festuca hallii）的保护之间的潜在冲突。草原。我们通过检查283份野牛粪便样本以及与野牛行为有关的外来植物物种的空间分布，研究了外来种子的散布。我们表明，野牛通过运输种子促进了外来植物物种到公园的长距离传播。我们的分析表明，三叶草三叶草发生的可能性很高（> 75％）。和提摩太在野牛径上分别占羊茅草原面积的38％和27％。在20％的羊茅草原地区，野牛洼地发生提摩太的可能性也很高。此外，我们证明了外来植物物种最有可能出现在潜在引入点的3 km之内，并确定了最有可能被野牛引入外来植物物种的特定草地斑块。通过揭示潜在冲突发生背后的生态机制，我们能够描述野牛可能对本地羊茅植物群落的完整性造成的相对威胁的空间变化，从而使管理者能够优化保护工作的分配。

更新日期：2020-03-18

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