Natural fluoride contamination of drinking water is a serious issue that affects several countries of the world. Its negative health impact is well documented in the East African Rift Valley, where water consumption with fluoride () concentration greater than 1.5 mg/L can cause fluorosis to people. Within the framework of the European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 FLOWERED project, we first designed an effective defluoridation device based on innovative application of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and then explored its acceptance within rural communities. The prototype (FLOWERED Defluoridator Device [FDD]) essentially is composed of a 20‐L tank and a recirculating pump that guarantees the interaction between water and OCP. The device is powered by a car battery for a fixed pumping working time using a fixed amount of OCP for every defluoridation cycle. The results of tests performed in the rural areas of Tanzania show that a standardized use of the prototype can lower the dissolved from an initial concentration of 21 mg/L to below the World Health Organization (WHO) drinkable limit of 1.5 mg/L in 2 h without secondary negative effects on water quality. The approximate cost of this device is around US$220, whereas that of OCP is about $0.03/L of treated water. As with any device, acceptance requires a behavioral change on behalf of rural communities that needed to be investigated. To this end, we piloted a survey to explore how psychological and socioeconomic factors influence the consumption of fluoride‐free water. Results show that the adoption of FDD and OCP is more appealing to members of the rural communities who are willing to pay more and have a high consumption of water. Moreover, we suggest that given the low level of knowledge about fluorosis diseases, the government should introduce educational programs to make rural communities aware of the negative health consequences. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:856–870. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)

中文翻译：

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磷酸八钙与创新型家用除氟剂原型的应用及其在东非大裂谷农村社区采用的行为决定因素。


饮用水的天然氟化物污染是影响世界多个国家的严重问题。它对健康的负面影响在东非大裂谷有据可查，那里饮用含氟化物的水（ ）浓度大于1.5mg/L即可引起人氟中毒。在欧盟 (EU) Horizo​​n 2020 FLOWERED 项目的框架内，我们首先设计了一种基于磷酸八钙 (OCP) 创新应用的有效除氟装置，然后探索其在农村社区的接受度。该原型（FLOWERED 除氟装置 [FDD]）本质上由一个 20 L 水箱和一个确保水和 OCP 之间相互作用的循环泵组成。该设备由汽车电池供电，在每个除氟循环中使用固定量的 OCP，实现固定的泵送工作时间。在坦桑尼亚农村地区进行的测试结果表明，标准化使用原型可以降低溶解度 2 小时内从初始浓度 21 mg/L 降至低于世界卫生组织 (WHO) 饮用限值 1.5 mg/L，且不会对水质产生二次负面影响。该设备的成本约为 220 美元，而 OCP 的成本约为每升处理水 0.03 美元。与任何设备一样，接受需要代表需要调查的农村社区的行为改变。为此，我们进行了一项试点调查，探讨心理和社会经济因素如何影响无氟水的消费。结果表明，FDD 和 OCP 的采用对于愿意支付更多费用且用水量较高的农村社区成员更具吸引力。 此外，我们建议，鉴于对氟中毒疾病的了解水平较低，政府应推出教育计划，使农村社区意识到氟中毒疾病的负面健康后果。整体环境评估管理2020；16：856–870。 © 2020 作者。综合环境评估和管理由 Wiley periodicals LLC 代表环境毒理学与化学学会 (SETAC) 出版