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Meat production and maintaining biodiversity: Grazing by traditional breeds and crossbred beef cattle in marshes and grasslands
Applied Vegetation Science ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-29 , DOI: 10.1111/avsc.12475 Nóra Kovácsné Koncz 1 , Béla Béri 1 , Balázs Deák 2, 3 , András Kelemen 2, 4 , Katalin Tóth 3 , Réka Kiss 2 , Szilvia Radócz 3 , Tamás Miglécz 3 , Béla Tóthmérész 5 , Orsolya Valkó 2
Applied Vegetation Science ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-29 , DOI: 10.1111/avsc.12475 Nóra Kovácsné Koncz 1 , Béla Béri 1 , Balázs Deák 2, 3 , András Kelemen 2, 4 , Katalin Tóth 3 , Réka Kiss 2 , Szilvia Radócz 3 , Tamás Miglécz 3 , Béla Tóthmérész 5 , Orsolya Valkó 2
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QUESTIONS: Sustainable rangeland utilization considering traditions and economic reasons is compulsory for harmonising the needs of the agricultural and nature conservation sectors. For proper rangeland management it is crucial to compare the grazing effects of traditional breeds and crossbred animals of the same species that might have different effects on the rangelands. To fill this knowledge gap, in a grazing experiment, we investigated the effect of cattle breeds on the vegetation to test the effects on nature conservation value and agricultural production value. We hypothesized that the effects of cattle grazing on habitat conservation values and forage quality depend on the grazing breed, because breeds differ in selectivity, body size and trampling effect. LOCATION: Marshes and alkaline wet grasslands in Hortobagy National Park, Hungary. METHODS: We recorded the percentage cover of vascular plants in three consecutive years in a total of 60 plots in 12 areas grazed by traditional (0.61 AU/ha) and large‐sized crossbred beef cattle (0.68 AU/ha). RESULTS: We found that the effect of cattle breed on the habitat conservation values and forage quality is dependent on the habitat type. The traditional breed maintained a significantly higher species number and Shannon diversity in marshes than the crossbred beef cattle. Grazing of crossbred cattle led to decreasing moisture indicator values in marsh habitats. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed that traditional breeds should be prioritized in the management of wet alkaline grasslands and marshes. Crossbred beef cattle might be a substitute but only in case traditional breeds are not available for the management of alkaline wet grasslands. In marshes, however, we recommend prioritizing the traditional breeds as they maintain higher diversity compared to crossbred beef cattle.
中文翻译：
肉类生产和维持生物多样性：沼泽和草原中传统品种和杂交肉牛的放牧
问题：考虑到传统和经济原因的可持续牧场利用对于协调农业和自然保护部门的需求是必不可少的。对于适当的牧场管理，比较传统品种和可能对牧场产生不同影响的同一物种的杂交动物的放牧效果至关重要。为了填补这一知识空白，我们在放牧实验中研究了牛品种对植被的影响，以测试对自然保护价值和农业生产价值的影响。我们假设放牧对栖息地保护价值和草料质量的影响取决于放牧品种，因为品种在选择性、体型和践踏效应方面存在差异。地点：匈牙利霍尔托巴吉国家公园的沼泽和碱性湿草原。方法：我们连续三年记录了传统（0.61 AU/ha）和大型杂交肉牛（0.68 AU/ha）放牧的 12 个地区的 60 个样地中维管植物的覆盖率。结果：我们发现牛品种对栖息地保护价值和草料质量的影响取决于栖息地类型。与杂交肉牛相比，传统品种在沼泽中保持了明显更高的物种数量和香农多样性。放牧杂交牛导致沼泽栖息地的水分指标值下降。结论：我们的研究结果表明，在湿碱性草原和沼泽的管理中应优先考虑传统品种。杂交肉牛可能是一种替代品，但前提是传统品种无法用于管理碱性湿草原。
更新日期：2020-01-29
中文翻译：
肉类生产和维持生物多样性：沼泽和草原中传统品种和杂交肉牛的放牧
问题：考虑到传统和经济原因的可持续牧场利用对于协调农业和自然保护部门的需求是必不可少的。对于适当的牧场管理，比较传统品种和可能对牧场产生不同影响的同一物种的杂交动物的放牧效果至关重要。为了填补这一知识空白，我们在放牧实验中研究了牛品种对植被的影响，以测试对自然保护价值和农业生产价值的影响。我们假设放牧对栖息地保护价值和草料质量的影响取决于放牧品种，因为品种在选择性、体型和践踏效应方面存在差异。地点：匈牙利霍尔托巴吉国家公园的沼泽和碱性湿草原。方法：我们连续三年记录了传统（0.61 AU/ha）和大型杂交肉牛（0.68 AU/ha）放牧的 12 个地区的 60 个样地中维管植物的覆盖率。结果：我们发现牛品种对栖息地保护价值和草料质量的影响取决于栖息地类型。与杂交肉牛相比，传统品种在沼泽中保持了明显更高的物种数量和香农多样性。放牧杂交牛导致沼泽栖息地的水分指标值下降。结论：我们的研究结果表明，在湿碱性草原和沼泽的管理中应优先考虑传统品种。杂交肉牛可能是一种替代品，但前提是传统品种无法用于管理碱性湿草原。
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