The incidence of introgression during the diversification process and the timespan following divergence when introgression is possible are poorly understood in the neotropics where high species richness could provide extensive opportunities for genetic exchange. We used thousands of genome‐wide SNPs to infer phylogenetic relationships, calculate ages of splitting, and to estimate the timing of introgression in a widespread avian neotropical genus of woodcreepers. Five distinct introgression events were reconstructed involving taxa classified both as subspecies and species including lineages descending from the basal–most split, dated to 7.3 million years ago. Introgression occurred between just a few hundred thousand to about 2.5 million years following divergence, suggesting substantial portions of the genome are capable of introgressing across taxa boundaries during a protracted time window of a few million years following divergence. Despite this protracted time window, we found that the proportion of the genome introgressing (6–11%) declines with the time of introgression following divergence, suggesting that the genome becomes progressively more immune to introgression as reproductive isolation increases.

中文翻译：

---

基因组数据揭示了新热带爬山虎辐射多样化过程中基因渗入的长期窗口

在多样化过程中基因渗入的发生率以及可能发生基因渗入的分化后的时间跨度在新热带地区知之甚少，在那里高物种丰富度可以为遗传交换提供广泛的机会。我们使用了数千个全基因组 SNP 来推断系统发育关系，计算分裂年龄，并估计广泛分布的鸟类新热带爬虫属的基因渗入时间。重建了五个不同的基因渗入事件，涉及分类为亚种和物种的分类群，包括来自 730 万年前的最基础分裂的谱系。基因渗入发生在分化后的几十万到约 250 万年之间，表明基因组的很大一部分能够在分化后数百万年的长期时间窗口内跨分类群边界渗入。尽管有这个漫长的时间窗口，我们发现基因组渗入的比例（6-11%）随着分化后的渗入时间而下降，这表明随着生殖隔离的增加，基因组逐渐对基因渗入免疫。