Globalization has been one main driver affecting our whole economy. Thus, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) associated with imports and exports should get addressed in addition to the national emission inventory according to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which is focused on territorial emissions only. To enable a correct calculation for imports and exports and to find the most emission‐intensive products and their origin, a product‐ and technology‐specific approach would be favorable which has not been applied up to now. This article addresses this research gap in developing and applying such an approach to calculate the GHGs behind consumption of products in Austria. It is based on physical flows combined with life‐cycle‐based emission factors and emission intensities derived from sector‐ and country‐specific energy mix, for calculating all emissions behind the production chain (resources to final products) of products consumed in Austria. The results have shown that consumption of products in Austria leads to about 60% more emissions than those of the national inventory and that the main part of these emissions comes from the provision of products. The most emission‐intensive products are coming from the chemical and the metal industry. In particular, imports are the main driver of these emissions and are more emission intensive than those produced in Austria. As a result, it is necessary to look at practical measures to reduce emissions along the production chain not only in Austria, but especially abroad as well.

中文翻译：

---

奥地利产品消费背后的生产链中的温室气体排放：特定于产品和技术的方法的开发和应用

全球化一直是影响我们整个经济的主要驱动力。因此，除了根据联合国气候变化框架公约（UNFCCC）的国家排放清单外，还应解决与进出口相关的温室气体排放（GHG），该公约仅关注地域排放。为了对进出口进行正确的计算并找到排放量最大的产品及其产地，采用特定于产品和技术的方法将是有利的，目前尚未应用。本文解决了在开发和应用这种方法来计算奥地利产品消费背后的GHG方面的研究空白。它基于物理流量，结合基于生命周期的排放因子和源自部门和国家特定能源结构的排放强度，来计算奥地利消费产品的生产链（资源到最终产品）的所有排放。结果表明，奥地利的产品消费导致的排放量比国家库存的排放量多60％，这些排放量的主要部分来自产品的提供。排放量最大的产品来自化学和金属行业。特别是，进口是这些排放的主要驱动力，其排放密集度高于奥地利的排放量。因此，不仅在奥地利，有必要研究切实可行的措施以减少整个生产链的排放，