Energy systems using renewables with adequate energy carriers are needed for sustainability. Before accelerating technology implementation for the transition to the new energy system, region‐specific implementation effects should be carefully examined as a system. In this study, we aim to analyze an energy system using hydrogen as an energy carrier with the approach of combining life cycle assessment and a regional energy simulation model. The model calculates the emissions, such as CO₂, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and volatile organic compounds, and their impacts on human health, social assets, primary production, and an integrated index. The analysis quantitatively presented various environmental impacts by region, life cycle stage, and impact category. Climate change was dominant on the integrated index while the other impact categories were also important. Fuel cell vehicles were effective in mitigating local air pollution, especially in high‐population regions where many people are adversely affected. Although technology implementation contributes to mitigating environmental impacts at locations of energy users, it also has possibilities to have negative impacts at locations of device manufacturing and raw material processing. The definition of the regional division was also an important factor in energy system design because the final results of life cycle assessments are highly sensitive to region‐specific characteristics. The proposed region‐specific analysis is expected to support local governments and technology developers in designing appropriate energy systems for regions and building marketing plans for specific targets.

中文翻译：

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基于生命周期评估的日本氢能技术实施的特定地区环境分析

可持续性需要使用具有足够能量载体的可再生能源的能源系统。在加快技术实施以过渡到新能源系统之前，应作为一个系统仔细检查特定地区的实施效果。在这项研究中，我们旨在通过结合生命周期评估和区域能源模拟模型来分析以氢为能源载体的能源系统。该模型计算排放量，例如CO ₂，氮氧化物（NOx），硫氧化物（SOx）和挥发性有机化合物及其对人体健康，社会资产，初级生产和综合指数的影响。该分析按区域，生命周期阶段和影响类别定量介绍了各种环境影响。气候变化在综合指数中占主导地位，而其他影响类别也很重要。燃料电池汽车在减轻当地空气污染方面是有效的，尤其是在人口众多的人口稠密地区。尽管技术的实施有助于减轻能源使用者的环境影响，但它也有可能在设备制造和原材料加工的地方产生负面影响。区域划分的定义也是能源系统设计中的重要因素，因为生命周期评估的最终结果对特定于区域的特征高度敏感。预期所提出的针对特定区域的分析将支持地方政府和技术开发商设计适合区域的能源系统并针对特定目标制定营销计划。