The naturalization of an introduced species is a key stage during the invasion process. Therefore, identifying the traits that favor the naturalization of non‐native species can help understand why some species are more successful when introduced to new regions. The ability and the requirement of a plant species to form a mutualism with mycorrhizal fungi, together with the types of associations formed may play a central role in the naturalization success of different plant species. To test the relationship between plant naturalization success and their mycorrhizal associations we analysed a database composed of mycorrhizal status and type for 1981 species, covering 155 families and 822 genera of plants from Europe and Asia, and matched it with the most comprehensive database of naturalized alien species across the world (GloNAF). In mainland regions, we found that the number of naturalized regions was highest for facultative mycorrhizal, followed by obligate mycorrhizal and lowest for non‐mycorrhizal plants, suggesting that the ability of forming mycorrhizas is an advantage for introduced plants. We considered the following mycorrhizal types: arbuscular, ectomycorrhizal, ericoid and orchid mycorrhizal plants. Further, dual mycorrhizal species were those that included observations of arbuscular mycorrhizas as well as observations of ectomycorrhizas. Naturalization success (based on the number of naturalized regions) was highest for arbuscular mycorrhizal and dual mycorrhizal plants, which may be related to the low host specificity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the consequent high availability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal partners. However, these patterns of naturalization success were erased in islands, suggesting that the ability to form mycorrhizas may not be an advantage for establishing self‐sustaining populations in isolated regions. Taken together our results show that mycorrhizal status and type play a central role in the naturalization process of introduced plants in many regions, but that their effect is modulated by other factors.

中文翻译：

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植物归化模式表明兼性菌根植物更有可能在欧亚大陆以外的地区成功

引入物种的归化是入侵过程中的关键阶段。因此，确定有利于非本地物种归化的特征有助于理解为什么一些物种在引入新地区时更成功。植物物种与菌根真菌形成共生关系的能力和需求，以及形成的关联类型，可能在不同植物物种的归化成功中发挥核心作用。为了检验植物归化成功与它们的菌根关联之间的关系，我们分析了一个由 1981 种植物的菌根状态和类型组成的数据库，涵盖了来自欧洲和亚洲的 155 科 822 属，并将其与最全面的归化外来植物数据库进行了匹配。世界各地的物种（GloNAF）。在大陆地区，我们发现兼性菌根的归化区数量最多，专性菌根次之，非菌根植物最少，表明形成菌根的能力是引进植物的优势。我们考虑了以下菌根类型：丛枝、外生菌根、香豆属植物和兰花菌根植物。此外，双重菌根物种是那些包括丛枝菌根观察结果以及外生菌根观察结果的物种。丛枝菌根和双菌根植物的归化成功率最高（基于归化区域的数量），这可能与丛枝菌根真菌的宿主特异性低以及随之而来的丛枝菌根真菌伙伴的高可用性有关。然而，这些归化成功的模式在岛屿上被抹去了，这表明形成菌根的能力可能不是在偏远地区建立自给自足种群的优势。综上所述，我们的结果表明，菌根状态和类型在许多地区引入植物的自然化过程中起着核心作用，但它们的影响受其他因素的调节。