ABSTRACT In a test of significance, it is common practice to report the p-value as one way of summarizing the incompatibility between a set of data and a proposed model for the data constructed under a set of assumptions together with a null hypothesis. However, the p-value does have some flaws, one being in general its definition for two-sided tests and a related serious logical one of incoherence, in its interpretation as a statistical measure of evidence for its respective null hypothesis. We shall address these two issues in this article.

中文翻译：

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双尾 P 值和相干证据测量

摘要 在显着性检验中，通常的做法是报告 p 值作为总结一组数据与在一组假设以及零假设下构建的数据的建议模型之间不兼容性的一种方式。然而，p 值确实有一些缺陷，一个是它对双边检验的一般定义和一个相关的严重逻辑不连贯性，将其解释为对其各自零假设的证据的统计测量。我们将在本文中解决这两个问题。