Sustainable urbanization in semi-arid cities of third world countries like India demands an Integrated Urban Water Management System for sustainable water supply. Physical availability of water is rarely a determinant of good drinking water supply. To understand the associates and determinants of water supply, a micro-level has been done along the urban-rural continuum of two semi-arid cities, showing the dichotomies of urban-rural, rich-poor, high-low caste. Chi-square test and logistic regression have been applied to data of various indicators collected from the household surveys. Results show that social class, economic class, occupation, education and location of a household determine the drinking water scenario. Households with low or no payment for water, low education level, low income, laborers and residing in rural areas are more vulnerable to drinking water scarcity. Need is to cover all households with institutional water supply to eliminate these inequities and to protect irrational groundwater exploitation.

在第三世界国家（如印度）的半干旱城市中，可持续的城市化要求有一个综合的城市水资源管理系统来实现可持续的供水。实际的水供应很少是良好饮用水供应的决定因素。为了了解供水的相关因素和决定因素，我们在两个半干旱城市的城乡连续体上进行了微观分析，显示了城乡贫富高低的二分法。卡方检验和逻辑回归已应用于从家庭调查中收集的各种指标的数据。结果表明，社会阶层，经济阶层，职业，教育程度和家庭地理位置决定了饮用水的情景。低水费或无水费，低教育水平，低收入，农村地区的劳动力和居民更容易受到饮用水短缺的影响。需要使所有家庭获得机构供水，以消除这些不平等现象并保护不合理的地下水开发。