We propose an electromagnetic-based braille display that can represent two-dimensional information. The key principle is a flip-latch structure, which allows satisfying requirements of both protrusion force for braille recognition and low power consumption. A magnet-inserted flip-latch has an eccentric shape, and is driven by and flips over the protruded voice coil and pushing the braille pin. Then it acts as a latch to lock and maintain the pin protrusion without additional energy consumption. We manufacture braille display modules and arrange them into a braille display with a total of 192 pins (16 columns and 12 rows). The pin-to-pin spacing is 2.5 mm, and the thickness of the display is about 5.5 mm. Each pin can switch states in 5 ms of operating time with 1W of power. In this paper, we describe the design and operating mechanism of the proposed actuator and perform operation tests to obtain stable driving conditions for the display. Finally, applications and limitations of the proposed braille display are analyzed.

中文翻译：

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使用翻盖结构电磁致动器的便携式设备盲文显示器

我们提出了一种可以表示二维信息的基于电磁的盲文显示器。关键原理是翻盖结构，既能满足盲文识别的突出力，又能满足低功耗的要求。插入磁铁的翻转闩锁具有偏心形状，由突出的音圈驱动并翻转并推动盲文针。然后它充当闩锁以锁定和保持销突出部，而无需额外的能量消耗。我们制造盲文显示模块，并将它们排列成一个共有 192 个引脚（16 列 12 行）的盲文显示器。引脚间距为2.5毫米，显示屏厚度约为5.5毫米。每个引脚可以在 5 ms 的工作时间内以 1W 的功率切换状态。在本文中，我们描述了所提出的致动器的设计和操作机制，并进行了操作测试，以获得稳定的显示器驱动条件。最后，分析了所提出的盲文显示器的应用和局限性。