Blindness represents one of the major disabling societal causes, impacting the life of visually impaired people and their families. For what concerns the access to written information, one of the main tools used by blind people is the traditional Braille code. This is the reason why in the recent years, there has been a technological effort to develop refreshable Braille devices. These consist of multiple physical dots that dynamically change their configuration to reproduce different sequences of the letters in Braille code. Although promising, these approaches have many drawbacks, which are mainly related to costs, design complexity, portability, and power consumption. Of note, while many solutions have been proposed for multi-cell devices, the investigation of the potentialities of single-cell refreshable systems has received little attention so far. This investigation could offer effective and viable manners to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, likely fostering a widespread adoption of such assistive technologies with end-users. In this article, we present the design and characterization of a new cost-effective single-cell Electromagnetic Refreshable Braille Display, the Readable system. We also report on tests performed with blindfolded and blind expert Braille code readers. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of our device in correctly reproducing alphanumeric content, opening promising perspectives in every-day life applications.

中文翻译：

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可读设备的设计和验证：单细胞电磁可刷新盲文显示器

失明是造成残疾的主要社会原因之一，影响视障人士及其家人的生活。关于获取书面信息，盲人使用的主要工具之一是传统的盲文代码。这就是为什么近年来一直致力于开发可刷新盲文设备的技术努力。它们由多个物理点组成，这些点可以动态改变其配置以重现盲文代码中字母的不同序列。尽管很有前景，但这些方法有许多缺点，主要与成本、设计复杂性、便携性和功耗有关。值得注意的是，虽然已经为多单元设备提出了许多解决方案，迄今为止，对单细胞可更新系统潜力的研究很少受到关注。这项调查可以提供有效和可行的方法来克服上述缺点，可能会促进最终用户广泛采用此类辅助技术。在本文中，我们介绍了一种新型经济高效的单电池电磁可刷新盲文显示器，即可读系统的设计和特性。我们还报告了使用蒙眼和盲人盲文读码器进行的测试。结果证明了我们的设备在正确再现字母数字内容方面的有效性，为日常生活应用开辟了前景。可能会促进最终用户广泛采用此类辅助技术。在本文中，我们介绍了一种新型经济高效的单电池电磁可刷新盲文显示器，即可读系统的设计和特性。我们还报告了使用蒙眼和盲人盲文读码器进行的测试。结果证明了我们的设备在正确再现字母数字内容方面的有效性，为日常生活应用开辟了前景。可能会促进最终用户广泛采用此类辅助技术。在本文中，我们介绍了一种新型经济高效的单电池电磁可刷新盲文显示器，即可读系统的设计和特性。我们还报告了使用蒙眼和盲人盲文代码阅读器进行的测试。结果证明了我们的设备在正确再现字母数字内容方面的有效性，为日常生活应用开辟了前景。