With the growing interest in electrification and as hybrid and pure electric powertrains are adopted in more applications, electrical machine design is facing challenges in terms of meeting very demanding performance metrics, for example, high specific power, and harsh environments. This provides clear motivation to explore the impact of advanced materials and manufacturing on the performance of electrical machines. This article provides an overview of additive manufacturing (AM) approaches that can be used for constructing electrical machines, with a specific focus on additively manufactured iron core, winding, insulation, and permanent magnet, as well as cooling systems. Since there has only been a few attempts so far to explore AM in electrical machines (especially when it comes to fully additively manufactured machines), the benefits and challenges of AM have not been comprehensively understood. In this regard, this article offers a detailed comparison of multiple multimaterial AM methods, showing not only the possibility of fully additively manufactured electrical machines but also the potential significant improvements in their mechanical, electromagnetic, and thermal properties. The articles will provide a comprehensive discussion of opportunities and challenges of AM in the context of electrical machines.

中文翻译：

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迈向增材制造电机：机遇与挑战

随着人们对电气化的兴趣日益浓厚，以及混合动力和纯电动动力系统在更多应用中的应用，电机设计在满足非常苛刻的性能指标（例如高比功率和恶劣环境）方面面临挑战。这为探索先进材料和制造对电机性能的影响提供了明确的动力。本文概述了可用于构建电机的增材制造 (AM) 方法，特别关注增材制造的铁芯、绕组、绝缘和永磁体，以及冷却系统。由于迄今为止只有少数尝试探索电机中的增材制造（尤其是涉及完全增材制造的机器时），增材制造的好处和挑战尚未得到全面了解。在这方面，本文提供了多种多材料 AM 方法的详细比较，不仅展示了完全增材制造电机的可能性，而且展示了其机械、电磁和热性能的潜在显着改进。这些文章将全面讨论增材制造在电机领域的机遇和挑战。