This article presents an improved estimation model to predict the additional iron loss due to pulsewidth modulation (PWM) switching in interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines. The input current including the predicted PWM-induced current ripple is fed to two-dimensional (2-D) finite-element analysis to calculate the PWM-induced flux ripple distribution in the analyzed machine. A special frequency decomposition method is proposed to separate the predicted flux ripple into 1x and 2x PWM frequency components. Combining these results with the modified dynamic Jiles–Atherton model, the PWM-induced iron loss is calculated incorporating the impact of the actual flux ripple waveshape and the lamination steel's nonlinear magnetic characteristics. Experiments have been conducted to evaluate the prediction accuracy and investigate the impact of several factors on PWM-induced core losses (i.e., both iron and magnet loss) in IPM machines. These results demonstrate that the model offers promising estimation accuracy over a wide range of machine and inverter operating conditions.

中文翻译：

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结合磁通波纹波形和非线性磁特性影响的 IPM 电机中 PWM 感应铁损的估算

本文提出了一种改进的估计模型，用于预测由内部永磁 (IPM) 机器中的脉宽调制 (PWM) 开关引起的额外铁损。包括预测的 PWM 感应电流纹波的输入电流被馈送到二维 (2-D) 有限元分析，以计算被分析机器中的 PWM 感应磁通纹波分布。提出了一种特殊的频率分解方法，将预测的磁通纹波分为 1x 和 2x PWM 频率分量。将这些结果与修改后的动态 Jiles-Atherton 模型相结合，计算出 PWM 感应铁损，并结合了实际磁通波纹波形和层压钢非线性磁特性的影响。已经进行了实验来评估预测精度并研究几个因素对 IPM 机器中 PWM 感应磁芯损耗（即铁和磁体损耗）的影响。这些结果表明，该模型在广泛的机器和逆变器运行条件下提供了有希望的估计精度。