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Power Losses in the Front Transparent Conductive Oxide Layer of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells: Design Guide for Single-Junction and Four-Terminal Tandem Applications
IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1109/jphotov.2019.2954765
Mehdi Ashling Leilaeioun , Arthur Onno , Salman Manzoor , Jianwei Shi , Kathryn C. Fisher , Zhengshan J. Yu , Zachary C. Holman

In silicon heterojunction solar cells, optimization of the front transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer is required in order to minimize both electrical and optical losses. In this article, design guidelines for this overall power loss minimization are presented—extending previous TCO optimization work that was limited to the maximization of the short-circuit current density alone—and these are used to prescribe the best TCOs for both single-junction and silicon-based four-terminal tandem applications. The employed procedure determines the loss associated with the front TCO layer as a function of the TCO carrier density, mobility, and thickness, as well as the pitch between the front electrode fingers. For a representative indium tin oxide (ITO) film with a mobility of approximately 20 cm2·V−1·s−1 and a carrier density of 2.5 × 1020 cm−3, the loss over the 700–1200 nm infrared wavelength range—the spectrum reaching the silicon bottom cell in a typical tandem structure—is minimized by using a finger pitch of 3 mm and an ITO thickness of 100–110 nm. This compares with an optimal finger pitch of 2 mm and an optimal ITO thickness of 70 nm for the same cell operating as a single-junction device under full spectrum. The methodology presented can also readily be applied to TCO materials other than ITO, to a wide variety of specific four-terminal tandem architectures and, with minor modifications, to rear TCO layers.

中文翻译:

硅异质结太阳能电池正面透明导电氧化物层的功率损耗:单结和四端串联应用设计指南

在硅异质结太阳能电池中,需要优化前透明导电氧化物 (TCO) 层,以最大限度地减少电损耗和光损耗。在本文中,提出了这种总体功率损耗最小化的设计指南——扩展了之前仅限于最大化短路电流密度的 TCO 优化工作——这些用于规定单结和单结的最佳 TCO硅基四端串联应用。所采用的程序将与前 TCO 层相关的损耗确定为 TCO 载流子密度、迁移率和厚度以及前电极指之间的间距的函数。对于迁移率约为 20 cm2·V-1·s-1 和载流子密度为 2.5 × 1020 cm-3 的代表性氧化铟锡 (ITO) 薄膜,通过使用 3 毫米的指间距和 100 至 110 纳米的 ITO 厚度,700-1200 nm 红外波长范围内的损耗(到达典型串联结构中硅底部电池的光谱)被最小化。相比之下,对于在全光谱下作为单结器件运行的相同电池,最佳指间距为 2 毫米,最佳 ITO 厚度为 70 纳米。所介绍的方法也可以很容易地应用于除 ITO 之外的 TCO 材料、各种特定的四端串联架构,以及稍作修改后,即可应用于背面 TCO 层。相比之下,对于在全光谱下作为单结器件运行的相同电池,最佳指间距为 2 毫米,最佳 ITO 厚度为 70 纳米。所介绍的方法也可以很容易地应用于除 ITO 之外的 TCO 材料、各种特定的四端串联架构,以及稍作修改后,即可应用于背面 TCO 层。相比之下,对于在全光谱下作为单结器件运行的相同电池,最佳指间距为 2 毫米,最佳 ITO 厚度为 70 纳米。所介绍的方法也可以很容易地应用于除 ITO 之外的 TCO 材料、各种特定的四端串联架构,以及稍作修改后,即可应用于背面 TCO 层。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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