Beamforming structures with fixed beam codebooks provide economical solutions for millimeter wave (mmWave) communications due to the low hardware cost. However, the training overhead to search for the optimal beamforming configuration is proportional to the codebook size. To improve the efficiency of beam tracking, we propose a beam tracking scheme based on the channel fingerprint database, which comprises mappings between statistical beamforming gains and user locations. The scheme tracks user movement by utilizing the trained beam configurations and estimating the gains of beam configurations that are not trained. Simulations show that the proposed scheme achieves significant beamforming performance gains over existing beam tracking schemes.

中文翻译：

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基于信道指纹的毫米波通信波束跟踪

由于硬件成本低，具有固定波束码本的波束成形结构为毫米波 (mmWave) 通信提供了经济的解决方案。然而，搜索最佳波束成形配置的训练开销与码本大小成正比。为了提高波束跟踪的效率，我们提出了一种基于信道指纹数据库的波束跟踪方案，其中包括统计波束成形增益和用户位置之间的映射。该方案通过利用经过训练的波束配置并估计未经训练的波束配置的增益来跟踪用户移动。仿真表明，与现有波束跟踪方案相比，所提出的方案实现了显着的波束成形性能提升。