We study the interaction between a fleet of electric self-driving vehicles servicing on-demand transportation requests (referred to as autonomous mobility-on-demand, or AMoD, systems) and the electric power network. We propose a joint model that captures the coupling between the two systems stemming from the vehicles’ charging requirements, capturing time-varying customer demand, battery depreciation, and power transmission constraints. First, we show that the model is amenable to efficient optimization. Then, we prove that the socially optimal solution to the joint problem is a general equilibrium if locational marginal pricing is used for electricity. Finally, we show that the equilibrium can be computed by selfish transportation and generator operators (aided by a nonprofit independent system operator) without sharing private information. We assess the performance of the approach and its robustness to stochastic fluctuations in demand through case studies and agent-based simulations. Collectively, these results provide a first-of-a-kind characterization of the interaction between AMoD systems and the power network, and shed additional light on the economic and societal value of AMoD.

中文翻译：

---

自主按需移动系统与电网之间的交互：模型和协调算法

我们研究了服务于按需运输请求（称为自动按需机动性或AMoD系统）的电动自动驾驶车队与电力网络之间的相互作用。我们提出了一个联合模型，该模型可以捕获源自车辆充电要求的两个系统之间的耦合，捕获时变的客户需求，电池折旧和动力传输约束。首先，我们表明该模型适合有效优化。然后，我们证明如果位置边际定价用于电力，则联合问题的社会最优解是一般均衡。最后，我们表明，可以由自私的运输和发电机运营商（由非营利性独立系统运营商协助）计算平衡，而无需共享私人信息。通过案例研究和基于代理的模拟，我们评估了该方法的性能及其对需求随机波动的稳健性。这些结果共同提供了AMoD系统与电力网络之间相互作用的首次表征，并为AMoD的经济和社会价值提供了更多的启示。