Ion-exchange glass waveguides are a very promising technology with a balanced trade-off between optical loss, integration density, and fabrication costs. Graded-index multimode waveguides show low propagation loss of only 0.035 dB/cm at wavelength of 1310 nm in glass, compatible with large scale manufacturing. For fiber cable connectivity, expanded beam connectors were used to terminate the waveguides by passive pick-and-place assembly, resulting in a coupling loss of ∼1 dB per interface. Design and fabrication of glass waveguides are studied, and 2-m-long spiral waveguides along with 12 × 12 optical shuffle waveguide layouts made on a 9′′ × 12′′ area glass sheet are demonstrated experimentally.

中文翻译：

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带扩束光纤连接器的低损耗多模玻璃波导可实现板载光链路

离子交换玻璃波导是一种非常有前途的技术，它在光损耗、集成密度和制造成本之间取得了平衡。渐变折射率多模波导在玻璃中的 1310 nm 波长下显示出仅 0.035 dB/cm 的低传播损耗，与大规模制造兼容。对于光缆连接，扩束连接器用于通过无源拾放组件端接波导，导致每个接口的耦合损耗约为 1 dB。研究了玻璃波导的设计和制造，并通过实验演示了 2 米长的螺旋波导以及在 9'' × 12'' 面积玻璃板上制作的 12 × 12 光学混洗波导布局。