In wireless sensor networks (WSN), routing is quite challenging area of research where packets are forwarded through multiple nodes to the base station. The packet being sent over the network should be shared in an energy efficient manner. It also considers the residual power of battery to enhance the network life time. Existing energy efficient routing solutions and surveys are presented but still there is a need for Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify the valid problems. This paper performs SLR for energy efficiency routing with 172 papers at initial stage. Next, 50 papers are shortlisted after filtration based on quality valuation and selection criteria by ensuring relevance with energy efficiency. Initially, we present literature that includes schemes for threshold sensitive, adaptive periodic threshold sensitive, power efficient, hybrid energy efficient distribution and low energy adaptive mechanisms. Result of systematic review reveals that consumption of energy is the most fundamental issue in WSN however, is not noticed by the researchers and practitioners where as it can contribute for the improvement of the energy efficiency. It also elaborates the weaknesses of the existing approaches which make them inappropriate for energy efficient routing in WSN.

中文翻译：

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WSN中节能路由方案的系统文献综述-一项调查

在无线传感器网络（WSN）中，路由是一项颇具挑战性的研究领域，其中数据包通过多个节点转发到基站。通过网络发送的数据包应以节能的方式共享。它还考虑了电池的剩余电量以延长网络寿命。提出了现有的节能路由解决方案和调查，但是仍然需要系统文献综述（SLR）来识别有效问题。初始阶段，本文针对能效路由执行SLR，共有172篇论文。接下来，根据质量评估和选择标准，通过确保与能源效率的相关性，筛选后的50篇论文入围。最初，我们提供的文献包括阈值敏感，自适应周期性阈值敏感，功率高效，混合能源高效分配和低能耗自适应机制。系统审查的结果表明，能源消耗是WSN中最基本的问题，但是研究人员和从业人员并未注意到，因为能源消耗可以为提高能源效率做出贡献。它还阐述了现有方法的缺点，这些缺点使其不适用于WSN中的节能路由。