Abstract

CNC machine tools play an extremely important role in the equipment manufacturing industry. Because a machine tool has multiple geometric errors which are highly coupled, the error identification process is difficult. Most direct and indirect measurement methods do not consider the dynamic errors in the actual cutting process. This study aims to optimize the error identification process of three-axis CNC machine tools, and proposes an efficient identification and separation method for the dynamic error and the quasi-static error based on feature workpiece cutting. In this study, a stepped feature workpiece that can reflect geometric errors is designed, and the mapping relationship between the geometric error components and the features is established. After the feature workpiece is cut, it performs two tests of on-machine measurement and CMM calibration sequentially. It can realize the identification and separation of 7 geometric errors and corresponding dynamic errors based on the two sets of test data. This method takes the actual cutting workpiece as the error source and can identify and separate the dynamic error and the quasi-static error simultaneously. Thus, the measurement efficiency of this method is higher than direct measurements. The geometric error identification result is highly consistent with the laser interferometer measurement, which proves the method in this study is feasible, efficient, and accurate.

中文翻译：

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基于特征工件切割的三轴数控机床动静误差识别与分离方法

摘要

数控机床在设备制造业中起着极其重要的作用。由于机床具有高度相关的多个几何误差，因此误差识别过程很困难。大多数直接和间接的测量方法都没有考虑实际切割过程中的动态误差。该研究旨在优化三轴数控机床的误差识别过程，并提出了一种基于特征工件切削的动态误差和准静态误差的有效识别和分离方法。本研究设计了一种可以反映几何误差的阶梯状特征工件，建立了几何误差成分与特征之间的映射关系。切割特征工件后，它依次执行两项在线测量和CMM校准测试。基于两组测试数据，可以实现7种几何误差及相应动态误差的识别与分离。该方法以实际切削工件为误差源，可以同时识别和分离出动态误差和准静态误差。因此，该方法的测量效率高于直接测量。几何误差识别结果与激光干涉仪的测量结果高度吻合，证明了本研究方法的可行性，有效性和准确性。该方法以实际切削工件为误差源，可以同时识别和分离出动态误差和准静态误差。因此，该方法的测量效率高于直接测量。几何误差识别结果与激光干涉仪的测量结果高度吻合，证明了本研究方法的可行性，有效性和准确性。该方法以实际切削工件为误差源，可以同时识别和分离出动态误差和准静态误差。因此，该方法的测量效率高于直接测量。几何误差识别结果与激光干涉仪的测量结果高度吻合，证明了本研究方法的可行性，有效性和准确性。