It has been demonstrated that virtual reality (VR) exposure can affect the subjective experience of different situations, cognitive capabilities or behavior. It is known that there is a link between a person’s physiological state and their psychological self-report and user experience. As an immersive experience can affect users’ physiological data, it is possible to adapt and enhance the content of a virtual environment in real-time base on physiological data feedback (biofeedback). With the rapid evolution of the physiological monitoring technologies, it is now possible to exploit different modalities of biofeedback, in a cheap and non-cumbersome manner, and study how they can affect user experience. While most of the studies involving physiological data use it as a measuring tool, we want to study its impact when direct and voluntary physiological control becomes a mean of interaction. To do so, we created a two-parts protocol. The first part was designed to categorize the participants on their heart rate control competency. In the second part of the study, we immersed our participants in a VR experience where they must control their heart rate to interact with the elements in the game. The results were analyzed based on the competency distribution. We observed consistent results between our competency scale and the participants’ control of the biofeedback game mechanic. We also found that our direct biofeedback mechanic is highly engaging. We observed that it generated a strong feeling of agency, which is linked with users’ level of heart rate control. We highlighted the richness of biofeedback as a direct game mechanic, prompting interesting perspective for personalized immersive experiences.

已经证明，虚拟现实（VR）暴露会影响不同情况，认知能力或行为的主观体验。众所周知，一个人的生理状态与其心理自我报告和用户体验之间存在联系。由于沉浸式体验会影响用户的生理数据，因此可以基于生理数据反馈（生物反馈）实时适应和增强虚拟环境的内容。随着生理监测技术的飞速发展，现在有可能以廉价且不麻烦的方式开发不同形式的生物反馈，并研究它们如何影响用户体验。虽然大多数涉及生理数据的研究都将其用作测量工具，我们想研究当直接和自愿的生理控制成为互动手段时的影响。为此，我们创建了一个分为两部分的协议。第一部分旨在对参与者的心率控制能力进行分类。在研究的第二部分，我们让参与者沉浸在VR体验中，他们必须控制自己的心律才能与游戏中的元素进行交互。根据能力分布分析结果。我们观察到我们的能力量表和参与者对生物反馈游戏机制的控制之间的一致结果。我们还发现我们的直接生物反馈机制具有很高的吸引力。我们观察到它产生了强烈的代理感觉，这与用户的心律控制水平有关。我们强调了生物反馈作为直接游戏机制的丰富性，