In travel demand modelling, trip distance distributions or trip time distributions are used to evaluate how well a model fits with observed sample data. Therefore, the comparison of distributions is an essential part in the model validation process. Despite its importance, the common modelling guidelines from the UK, the USA or Austria provide little information about the correct structure and handling of such distributions. Likewise, common statistical methods are not practicable for the validation of transport models. This lack of rules leads to individual solutions, which complicate a model validation and the comparison of models. For example, when comparing two distributions the quality indicator strongly depends on the number of classes. Therefore, guidelines for model validation need to suggest an appropriate way to determine the number of classes. The paper suggests a method for evaluating trip distance distributions and trip time distributions within the model validation process of a travel demand model. It proposes (a) indicators for a classification which consider mode-specific trip distances and trip times (b) a generic classification method based on an equiquantile class width, quality indicators for comparing two distributions and (c) to use relative frequencies instead of absolute frequencies for the calculation of the quality indicators.

中文翻译：

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关于交通建模中旅行时间和旅行距离分布的质量评估的考虑：标准化方法的建议

在出行需求建模中，出行距离分布或出行时间分布用于评估模型与观察到的样本数据的拟合程度。因此，分布的比较是模型验证过程中必不可少的部分。尽管它很重要，但来自英国、美国或奥地利的通用建模指南几乎没有提供有关此类分布的正确结构和处理的信息。同样，常用的统计方法对于交通模型的验证也不可行。这种规则的缺乏导致了单独的解决方案，这使模型验证和模型比较复杂化。例如，当比较两个分布时，质量指标强烈依赖于类的数量。所以，模型验证指南需要建议一种适当的方法来确定类的数量。本文提出了一种在出行需求模型的模型验证过程中评估出行距离分布和出行时间分布的方法。它提出了 (a) 考虑特定模式出行距离和出行时间的分类指标 (b) 基于等分位数类别宽度的通用分类方法，用于比较两个分布的质量指标和 (c) 使用相对频率而不是绝对频率计算质量指标的频率。