Abstract

Coatings formed on steel 40Kh by electrospark alloying (ESA) using TiC–NiCr and TiC–NiCr–Eu₂O₃ electrodes are investigated. The coatings are deposited using an Alier-Metal 303 installation in argon under a normal pressure in the direct and opposite polarity modes. The structure, elemental composition, and phase composition of electrodes and coatings are investigated using X-ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectroscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, and optical profilometry. Mechanical and tribological properties of coatings are determined by nanoindentation and testing according to the “pin–disc” scheme, including elevated temperature in a range of 20–500°C. The tests for abrasive wear are performed using a Calowear tester, the impact resistance is studied using a CemeCon impact tester, and gas and electrochemical corrosion resistance are studied. The results show that the electrodes contain titanium carbide, the solid solution of nickel in chromium, and europium oxide in the case of a doped sample. Coating also included these phases, but the solid solution is formed based on iron. Coatings with the Eu₂O₃ additive are not substantially different in regards to structural characteristics, hardness, and friction coefficient, but exceed base coatings by abrasive resistance, cyclic impact resistance, and heat and corrosion resistance. An increase in impact resistance by a factor of 1.2–2.0, a decrease in the corrosion current more than 20-fold, and an almost twofold decrease in the oxidation index are observed upon the passage to doped coatings.

中文翻译：

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TiC–NiCr和TiC–NiCr– Eu 2 O 3电极通过电火花合金化形成的涂层的比较研究

摘要

使用TiC–NiCr和TiC–NiCr–Eu ₂ O ₃通过电火花合金化（ESA）在40Kh钢上形成的涂层电极进行了研究。使用Alier-Metal 303设备在常压下以直接和相反极性模式在氩气中沉积涂层。电极和涂层的结构，元素组成和相组成使用X射线相分析，扫描电子显微镜，能量色散光谱，辉光放电光发射光谱和光学轮廓测定法进行了研究。涂层的机械和摩擦学性能是通过纳米压痕和根据“针-盘”方案进行的测试来确定的，包括在20–500°C范围内的高温。使用Calowear测试仪进行磨料磨损测试，使用CemeCon冲击测试仪研究耐冲击性，并研究耐气体和电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明，在掺杂样品的情况下，电极包含碳化钛，镍在铬中的固溶体和氧化euro。涂层也包括这些相，但是固溶体是基于铁形成的。欧盟涂料₂ O ₃添加剂在结构特性，硬度和摩擦系数方面没有实质性差异，但是在耐磨性，耐循环冲击性以及耐热和耐腐蚀方面超过了基础涂层。在加入掺杂涂层后，观察到的抗冲击性提高了1.2-2.0倍，腐蚀电流降低了20倍以上，氧化指数几乎降低了两倍。