Worldwide, the significant fragmentation of tropical forests has resulted in the isolation of tree populations; this in turn has affected genetic diversity due to increases in inbreeding, leading to inbreeding depression (ID). Ex situ provenance and progeny trials are an effective strategy for population genetic conservation that can help combat the negative impacts of forest fragmentation on tree populations. Balfourodendron riedelianum is an endangered tree of the Atlantic Forest, for which conservation and environmental reforestation strategies are needed to ensure the preservation of the species. Microsatellite loci were used to genotype adult trees and descendant seedlings in an ex situ provenance and progeny trial located in São Paulo State, Brazil. The aim was to inform seed production management strategies for environmental restoration based on estimates of effective population size (N_e), pollen dispersal, mating pattern and ID for the traits root collar circumference (RCC) and plant height (H). The N_e (148.9) is adequate for sort-term ex situ conservation. Seedlings were predominantly outcrossed (93–96.2%), but selfing (3.8–7%) and mating between relatives (20–28.1%) show that the species is self-compatible. Pollen was dispersed through a pattern of isolation by distance. Selfed and biparental inbred seedlings showed lower values of RCC (2.98–3.10 mm) and observed heterozygosity (H_o = 0.25–0.34), and higher fixation index (F = 0.29–0.61) than seedlings from mating between unrelated trees (RCC = 3.30 mm, H_o = 0.51, F = 0.07). Mating among full-sibs showed the highest ID (8.1–12.4%). In the studied provenance and progeny trial, the selection of one tree per plot can minimize the production of biparental inbred seeds. Our results show that the provenance and progeny trial can serve as a seed source for environmental restoration.

在世界范围内，热带森林的严重碎片化导致树木种群的孤立。由于近亲繁殖的增加，这反过来又影响了遗传多样性，导致近亲衰退（ID）。异地种源和后代试验是进行种群遗传保护的有效策略，可以帮助克服森林破碎对树木种群的不利影响。八福木是大西洋森林中的濒危树，需要采取保护和环境重新造林策略来确保物种的保存。在位于巴西圣保罗州的异地来源和后代试验中，微卫星基因座被用于对成年树木和后代幼苗进行基因分型。目的是根据有效种群数量（N _e），花粉扩散，交配模式和性状根领周长（RCC）和株高（H）的估算，为环境恢复提供种子生产管理策略的信息。的Ñ _Ë（148.9）足以进行分类的非原生境保护。幼苗主要是杂种（93–96.2％），但自交（3.8–7％）和亲戚之间的交配（20–28.1％）表明该物种是自交配的。花粉通过距离隔离的模式分散。自交和双亲近交幼苗的RCC值较低（2.98–3.10 mm），且杂合度（H _o  = 0.25–0.34），且固定指数（F  = 0.29–0.61）比无关树之间的交配（RCC = 3.30）高。毫米，H _o  = 0.51，F = 0.07）。全同胞之间的交配显示出最高的ID（8.1-12.4％）。在研究的种源和后代试验中，每块地选择一棵树可以使双亲自交种子的产量最小化。我们的结果表明，来源和后代试验可以作为环境恢复的种子来源。