Abstract

Quantifying excess energy using an energy balance model is the key to designing and operating an energy-efficient water distribution system (WDS). Excess energy, which can be recovered instantly or stored in a water-energy storage is the basis to estimate hydropower potential in the system. For a given WDS with its demand, how the excess energy can be managed efficiently to design a water-energy storage to maximize hydropower generation is the focus of this paper. A single-objective optimization model has been developed to optimize the dimensions for up to six water-energy storages for maximizing hydropower generation while minimizing the pumping energy. While the ratio of total energy recovered to total pumping energy is found to be about 40% for all water-energy configurations, the recovered specific energy ranges from 0.116 kWh/m³ to 0.121 kWh/m³ showing the potential use of WDS as an energy storage. Results show that hydropower generation increases with the increase of number of storages up to a certain number representing the constraints of constant drinking water demand and storage dimensions. In-pipe turbines with pump operation for minimizing pumping energy can offer the optimal solution for WDS energy management. A higher number of storages with in-pipe turbines offers uniformity in pressure distribution resulting increase in system robustness.

中文翻译：

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研究水分配系统中水力发电的水能存储中的能量流

摘要

使用能量平衡模型量化多余的能量是设计和运行节能的水分配系统（WDS）的关键。可以立即回收或存储在水能存储器中的多余能量是估算系统中水电潜力的基础。对于有需求的给定WDS，如何有效地管理过剩能量以设计水能存储装置以最大程度地利用水力发电是本文的重点。已开发出一个单目标优化模型，以优化多达六个水能存储的尺寸，以最大程度地提高水力发电量，同时最大程度地减少抽水能。对于所有水能配置，虽然回收的总能量与抽水的总能量之比约为40％，但回收的比能范围为0.116 kWh / m^图3到0.121 kWh / m ³显示了WDS作为能量存储的潜在用途。结果表明，水力发电量随着蓄水量的增加而增加，直到一定数量，这代表了恒定的饮用水需求和蓄水量的限制。带泵操作的管道涡轮机可最大程度地减少泵送能量，可为WDS能量管理提供最佳解决方案。带有管道内涡轮的大量存储可提供均匀的压力分布，从而提高系统的耐用性。