Participatory action research (PAR) is an approach for fully co-creating research into environmental problems with the public. We argue this is mostly done for manifest environmental problems that clearly threaten livelihoods and have highly predictable impacts. But the conventional PAR approach is not suitable when the impacts are poorly understood and pose a low threat to livelihoods. Such latent environmental problems do not have a clear conflict to be resolved; instead, the community’s inertia should be overcome. In this article, we develop what we call the PAR-L approach, for which we present a step-by-step guide and an evaluation framework. We then demonstrate this approach on the latent problem of the invasive alien Coralita vine (Antigonon leptopus) on Saba (Caribbean Netherlands) and find that it results in thorough understanding of the community inertia. Overcoming the inertia would require a project to run longer and a simultaneous knowledge-gathering effort, but PAR-L is a good starting point.

中文翻译：

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量身定制参与式行动研究，以解决荷兰加勒比海萨巴省的外来入侵葡萄树的潜在问题

参与式行动研究（PAR）是与公众充分共同创建环境问题研究的一种方法。我们认为这主要是针对明显威胁生计并具有高度可预见影响的明显环境问题。但是，如果对影响的了解甚少且对生计的威胁很小，则传统的PAR方法不适用。这种潜在的环境问题没有明显的矛盾可以解决；相反，应该克服社区的惰性。在本文中，我们开发了所谓的PAR-L方法，为此我们提供了逐步指南和评估框架。然后，我们在入侵性外星人Coralita藤（Antigonon leptopus）在萨巴岛（荷兰加勒比海）上，发现它可以使人们充分了解社区的惰性。克服惯性将需要一个项目运行更长的时间，并同时进行知识收集工作，但是PAR-L是一个很好的起点。