Abstract

Background

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are currently still threatening the ecological environment and people’s health. However, studies that investigate OCP pollution levels in an urbanized river network of an entire city with a high density of rivers, such as Shanghai, have rarely been reported. In addition, due to the pressure of high population densities, ecological risk and health hazard assessments of OCPs in river networks are a knowledge gap that needs to be urgently filled. Thus, in this study, the concentrations, distribution, and partitioning of OCPs are evaluated in an ecological and health risk assessment for the urbanized river network of Shanghai. The goal is to establish connections among OCP residues and establish their impacts on ecological and human health.

Results

The concentrations of 26 OCPs in the urbanized river network of Shanghai ranged from 43.90 to 342.74 ng/L, with a mean value of 181.34 ng/L. Some OCPs formed triangle-shaped areas with higher local ecological risks than other areas, and there were nine OCPs of high risk in some areas. The health risk assessment results showed that the ranking of the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for dermal contact according to age and gender was adults > children > seniors > adolescents, and females > males, while the ranking of the ILCR caused by mistaken oral intake was adults > children > adolescents > seniors, and females > males. The non-carcinogenic risk hazard index (HI) values of both exposure routes were less than one.

Conclusion

OCP concentrations in the northern and southern regions of Shanghai were significantly higher than in other regions, and the partition coefficient (K_p) values of the ∑₂₆ OCPs were negatively correlated with the total suspended solids’ (TSS) contents (p < 0.01). The ecological risks were relatively higher in agricultural areas. The ILCR for dermal contact and mistaken oral intake were generally low, except for adults, whose ILCR caused by dermal contact were at moderate risk. In addition, OCPs in river waters did not pose significant non-carcinogenic health hazards for a majority of the people.

中文翻译：

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上海城市化河网中有机氯农药的生态和健康风险评估

摘要

背景

目前，有机氯农药（OCP）仍在威胁生态环境和人民健康。然而，很少有研究调查整个河流密度高的城市（例如上海）的城市化河网中的OCP污染水平。此外，由于人口密度高的压力，对河网中OCPs的生态风险和健康危害评估是一个知识空白，亟待解决。因此，在本研究中，在上海城市化河网的生态和健康风险评估中对OCP的浓度，分布和分区进行了评估。目的是在OCP残留物之间建立联系，并确定其对生态和人类健康的影响。

结果

上海城市化河网中26种OCP的浓度范围为43.90至342.74 ng / L，平均值为181.34 ng / L。一些OCP形成了三角形的区域，其局部生态风险高于其他区域，并且在某些区域中有九个OCP具有高风险。健康风险评估结果显示，按年龄和性别分类，经皮接触的终生癌症风险增量（ILCR）的排名为成人>儿童>老年人>青少年，女性>男性，而错误口服引起的ILCR排名摄入量为成人>儿童>青少年>老年人，女性>男性。两种暴露途径的非致癌危险性危险指数（HI）均小于1。

结论

上海北部和南部地区的OCP浓度显着高于其他地区，并且∑ ₂₆ OCP的分配系数（K _p）值与总悬浮固体（TSS）含量呈负相关（p  <0.01） 。农业地区的生态风险相对较高。皮肤接触和误食的ILCR通常较低，除了成年人，由于皮肤接触引起的ILCR处于中等风险。此外，河水中的OCP对大多数人没有构成重大的非致癌健康危害。