Abstract The characteristics of the outdoor microclimate influence directly the outdoor thermal comfort that depends on surface reflectance, green albedo, trees, buildings, sky view factors, etc. Several researches and studies about outdoor microclimate examine area of cities, districts, squares, streets, parks, etc. and a proportion of this research studies is about the effect of outdoor microclimate on people thermal comfort, e.g. measure following Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET). Thermal comfort in outdoor spaces has the crucial role of guaranteeing a comfortable staying in public places (such as squares, parks, etc.), as without thermal comfort people won't stay in such places. For this reason, research on tourism focuses more on outdoor thermal comfort than on indoor thermal comfort (e.g. in museum). Designing archaeological sites is very interesting and complex, since it's possible to study different scenarios and themes, together with strategies focused on solving and enhancing specific situations. Those, indeed, can vary: archaeological areas can be seen both as an exhibition area – focusing more on its relics and their correct preservation – or as an outdoor space – focusing more on the outdoor comfort, not just for the area itself but for the visitors too. In this paper we therefore report a thermal comfort and microclimate case study considering how the transformation of the urban area that surrounds an archaeological site could improve the outdoor comfort for tourists. This study uses the ENVI-met software to reproduce the actual area and six scenarios based on different urban modifications of said area: thermal variables such as air temperature, relative humidity, surface temperature and PET are considered to understand if said changes can have a positive or negative impact on thermal comfort for tourists. Comparing real and simulated data we get to focus on the scenarios with the most positive impact, in order to understand how the city could change to improve the presence of tourists in the area and what are the key elements to reach the outdoor comfort.

中文翻译：

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城市背景下考古区植被对室外热舒适性的影响

摘要 室外小气候特征直接影响室外热舒适性，取决于地表反射率、绿化反照率、树木、建筑物、天空视角等因素。公园等，该研究的一部分是关于室外小气候对人们热舒适度的影响，例如根据生理等效温度 (PET) 进行测量。室外空间的热舒适性对于保证在公共场所（如广场、公园等）的舒适住宿起着至关重要的作用，因为没有热舒适性，人们就不会留在这些地方。出于这个原因，旅游研究更多地关注室外热舒适度而不是室内热舒适度（例如在博物馆中）。设计考古遗址非常有趣和复杂，因为可以研究不同的场景和主题，以及专注于解决和增强特定情况的策略。这些确实可以有所不同：考古区既可以被视为一个展览区——更多地关注其遗迹及其正确保护——或者作为一个户外空间——更多地关注户外舒适度，不仅是为了该地区本身，而且是为了游客也是。因此，在本文中，我们报告了一个热舒适度和小气候案例研究，考虑到考古遗址周围的市区改造如何提高游客的户外舒适度。本研究使用 ENVI-met 软件再现实际区域和基于该区域不同城市改造的六个场景：气温、相对湿度、表面温度和 PET 等热变量被认为是了解这些变化是否会对游客的热舒适度产生积极或消极影响。比较真实数据和模拟数据，我们将重点放在具有最积极影响的场景上，以了解城市如何改变以改善该地区游客的存在以及达到户外舒适度的关键要素是什么。