The population of adults living with congenital heart disease (CHD) has grown rapidly in recent decades due to major advances in surgical and medical care. Although the benefits of physical activity (PA) and exercise are well recognised in the management of chronic diseases, the therapeutic role of exercise for the CHD population has been under-studied and under-recognised. In fact, people living with complex CHD have traditionally been advised against participation in moderate or vigorous PA due to safety concerns. However, a small but growing body of literature has demonstrated that PA and exercise are safe and beneficial for the vast majority of people with CHD following appropriate screening. Exercise training (ET) is a potent therapy to improve well-being and cardiorespiratory fitness, which likely has important implications for prognosis. This has led to ET becoming an increasingly important adjunct to medical therapy in the management of this group who frequently have significant exercise limitation and complex medical issues. However, there is currently limited evidence-based guidance that has been published regarding appropriate exercise prescription in adults with CHD. This article aims to provide an overview of different congenital heart conditions, their impact on the exercise response, and to provide considerations and recommendations for ET in adolescents and adults living with CHD based on the available literature.

由于外科手术和医疗的重大进步，最近几十年来，患有先天性心脏病（CHD）的成年人口增长迅速。尽管体育锻炼（PA）和锻炼的益处在慢性疾病的治疗中得到了公认，但是锻炼对冠心病人群的治疗作用仍未得到充分研究和认识。实际上，出于安全考虑，传统上建议患有复杂冠心病的人不要参加中度或剧烈的PA。然而，一小部分但不断增长的文献表明，通过适当的筛查，PA和运动对绝大多数冠心病患者是安全且有益的。运动训练（ET）是改善健康和心肺健康的有效疗法，可能对预后产生重要影响。这导致ET在该组的管理中变得越来越重要地成为药物治疗的辅助，这些人经常具有明显的运动受限和复杂的医学问题。但是，目前关于成年冠心病成人的适当运动处方的基于证据的指南很少。本文旨在根据现有文献概述不同的先天性心脏病，其对运动反应的影响，并为青少年和患有CHD的成年人提供ET的注意事项和建议。目前，关于成人冠心病的适当运动处方的基于证据的指导意见很少。本文旨在根据现有文献概述不同的先天性心脏病，其对运动反应的影响，并为青少年和患有CHD的成年人提供ET的注意事项和建议。目前，关于成人冠心病的适当运动处方的基于证据的指导意见很少。本文旨在根据现有文献概述不同的先天性心脏病，其对运动反应的影响，并为青少年和患有CHD的成年人提供ET的注意事项和建议。