Abstract The use of krypton in the field of electric propulsion has become a key research topic owing to its high specific impulse and high reserves. However, because krypton has features such as a small ionization cross section and high ionization energy, its ionization performance is relatively low, thereby increasing the actual specific impulse loss of the krypton Hall thruster in comparison with its theoretical value. Therefore, to use of krypton as the propellant of the Hall thruster instead of xenon, it is necessary to study the optimization of its ionization process. In this study, a gas distributor with a rotating propellant supply mode is designed, considering factors such as the velocity and density of the velocity of neutral atoms, which affects the ionization process. The distribution of neutral atom parameters in the discharge channel is changed by the rotation; and its influences on the propellant ionization and other performance parameters of the Hall thruster are experimentally analyzed with respect to the magneto-ampere, volt-ampere, and flow rate-ampere characteristics. The results demonstrate that the rotating propellant supply reduces the axial velocity of neutral atoms, increases the density and circumferential motion distance, and thus improves the ionization efficiency of the krypton Hall thruster. Furthermore, the performance parameters, such as thrust and efficiency, are also improved, and the plume divergence angle is reduced. When the discharge voltage is 450 V and the anode flow rate is 60 sccm, the rotating propellant supply can increase the anode efficiency of the axial propellant supply mode from 46.2% to 53.2%. However, the plume divergence half-angle reduces from 39.2° to 35.5°. In addition, an increase in the anode flow rate and discharge voltage continuously increases the performance promotion in the rotating propellant supply mode.

中文翻译：

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带有旋转推进剂供应的氪霍尔推进器的性能优化

摘要 氪因具有高比冲和高储量等特点，在电力推进领域的应用已成为研究热点。但是，由于氪具有电离截面小、电离能高等特点，其电离性能相对较低，从而增加了氪霍尔推进器的实际比冲损失与其理论值相比。因此，要用氪代替氙作为霍尔推进器的推进剂，需要对其电离过程进行优化研究。在本研究中，考虑了影响电离过程的中性原子速度和密度等因素，设计了一种具有旋转推进剂供应模式的气体分配器。通过旋转改变放电通道中中性原子参数的分布；及其对推进剂电离和霍尔推进器其他性能参数的影响，通过磁安、伏安和流量安培特性进行了实验分析。结果表明，旋转推进剂供应降低了中性原子的轴向速度，增加了密度和圆周运动距离，从而提高了氪霍尔推进器的电离效率。此外，还提高了推力和效率等性能参数，并减小了羽流发散角。当放电电压为 450 V，阳极流量为 60 sccm 时，旋转推进剂供给可使轴向推进剂供给方式的阳极效率从46.2%提高到53.2%。然而，羽流发散半角从 39.2° 减小到 35.5°。此外，阳极流量和放电电压的增加不断增加旋转推进剂供应模式下的性能提升。