Abstract The performance of energetic materials is mainly reflected in two aspects, thermal performance and combustion performance. To figure out the differences in reaction performance, in this paper, thermal and combustion properties of Al/CuO, Al/Fe2O3 and Al/MnO2 nanothermites were studied respectively by thermal analysis and fast heating wire experiments. According to the thermal analysis, the exothermic peak temperature points of Al/MnO2, Al/CuO, Al/Fe2O3 nanothermites were 552.1 °C, 563.1 °C and 565.3 °C, respectively, while the sequence of activation energy calculated from low to high was Al/Fe2O3, Al/CuO, Al/MnO2 nanothermites. By the way, the values of Al/CuO and Al/Fe2O3 nanothermites showed little difference in temperature and activation energy. The ignition energy characterized by direct current had little difference among them, and the sequence from low to high was Al/MnO2, Al/Fe2O3, Al/CuO nanothermites, corresponding to 1.169 A, 1.214 A and 1.221 A, respectively. As for burning rate, Al/CuO burnt the fastest clearly while the Al/Fe2O3 burnt the longest. In terms of combustion performance, Al/CuO and Al/MnO2 were basically the same, with little splash of sparks, and the concentrations of combustion energy were better. The combustion phenomenon of Al/Fe2O3 nanothermite was quite unique with a large number of scattered sparks and poor energy concentration. Finally, the intrinsic reasons for above different phenomena of these three nanothermites were analyzed and discussed.

中文翻译：

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Al/CuO、Al/Fe2O3和Al/MnO2纳米铝热剂的热动力学和燃烧性能对比研究

摘要 含能材料的性能主要体现在热性能和燃烧性能两个方面。为了找出反应性能的差异，本文通过热分析和快速加热丝实验分别研究了Al/CuO、Al/Fe2O3和Al/MnO2纳米铝热剂的热性能和燃烧性能。根据热分析，Al/MnO2、Al/CuO、Al/Fe2O3 纳米铝热剂的放热峰温度点分别为 552.1 ℃、563.1 ℃和 565.3 ℃，而活化能由低到高的顺序计算是 Al/Fe2O3、Al/CuO、Al/MnO2 纳米铝热剂。顺便说一下，Al/CuO 和 Al/Fe2O3 纳米铝热剂的值在温度和活化能方面几乎没有差异。它们之间以直流电为特征的点火能量差别不大，由低到高依次为Al/MnO2、Al/Fe2O3、Al/CuO纳米铝热剂，分别对应于1.169 A、1.214 A和1.221 A。从燃烧速度来看，Al/CuO 燃烧最快，Al/Fe2O3 燃烧时间最长。在燃烧性能方面，Al/CuO和Al/MnO2基本相同，火花飞溅少，燃烧能量集中度较好。Al/Fe2O3纳米铝热剂的燃烧现象比较独特，火花分散，能量集中度差。最后，对这三种纳米铝热剂出现上述不同现象的内在原因进行了分析和讨论。显然，Al/CuO 的燃烧速度最快，而 Al/Fe2O3 的燃烧时间最长。在燃烧性能方面，Al/CuO和Al/MnO2基本相同，火花飞溅少，燃烧能量集中度较好。Al/Fe2O3纳米铝热剂的燃烧现象比较独特，火花分散，能量集中度差。最后，对这三种纳米铝热剂出现上述不同现象的内在原因进行了分析和讨论。显然，Al/CuO 的燃烧速度最快，而 Al/Fe2O3 的燃烧时间最长。在燃烧性能方面，Al/CuO和Al/MnO2基本相同，火花飞溅少，燃烧能量集中度较好。Al/Fe2O3纳米铝热剂的燃烧现象比较独特，火花分散，能量集中度差。最后，对这三种纳米铝热剂出现上述不同现象的内在原因进行了分析和讨论。