Abstract The Directive 84/500/EEC is the legislation stating the requirements for ceramic articles intended to come into contact with food. A revision of the Directive focusing on lowering the specific migration limits of lead and cadmium, on establishing an appropriate testing method and on extending the scope of the Directive to other metals is currently under consideration by the European Commission. In this context, this study investigated the extent to which various parameters (nature of the acid used as food simulant, pH, temperature, repeated use and contact duration) influence the release of metals from ceramic articles during their use. The following results were observed: a) comparable quantities were extracted by acetic acid and citric acid; b) the amounts of metals released in solution increased with decreasing pH; c) successive migrations showed a significant drop in the amounts of metals released between the first and subsequent migrations; d) the amounts of metals released from ceramic ware increased quickly at short times before leveling off to a plateau; e) high temperatures promoted the migration. The suggested elements to be added in the Directive and suitable testing conditions for the migration test are discussed.

中文翻译：

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陶瓷食品接触材料中金属的迁移。1：pH值、温度、食品模拟物、接触时间和重复使用的影响

摘要 84/500/EEC 指令是一项立法，规定了与食品接触的陶瓷制品的要求。欧盟委员会目前正在考虑修订该指令，重点是降低铅和镉的特定迁移限制，建立适当的测试方法以及将指令的范围扩展到其他金属。在此背景下，本研究调查了各种参数（用作食品模拟物的酸的性质、pH 值、温度、重复使用和接触持续时间）对陶瓷制品使用过程中金属释放的影响程度。观察到以下结果： a) 乙酸和柠檬酸提取的量相当；b) 溶液中释放的金属量随着 pH 值的降低而增加；c) 连续迁移表明在第一次和后续迁移之间释放的金属量显着下降；d) 从陶瓷器皿中释放出的金属量在短时间内迅速增加，然后趋于平稳；e) 高温促进了迁移。讨论了将在指令中添加的建议元素以及迁移测试的合适测试条件。