Abstract It is of primary importance to decrease risks of snow damages on electric transmission lines to ensure a stable supply of electricity. For the acquisition of reliable data to clarify characteristics of snow accreted on a transmission line, it is effective to conduct an indoor experiment. The present report describes an experimental method for snow accretion on a vertical plate by using a wind tunnel including measurements of snow properties such as snow density and liquid water content, which can be extended to measure a shear adhesive stress of accreted snow. These measurements are systematically applied to different conditions of the wind speed, the air temperature, as well as the snow flux particularly focusing on wet snow accretion. Based on measurement data, the influence of the wind speed, the air temperature, and the snow flux on the snow density and the liquid water content is investigated. The analysis is further extended to include a parametric evaluation of the snow density and the liquid water content to examine their dependency on atmospheric parameters. As a result of analytical considerations of the consolidation effect by wind and melting of snow by heat exchanges, equations to estimate the snow density and the liquid water content by the wind speed, the air temperature, as well as the accreted snow mass are derived. The experimental results validate these equations, which enable the acquisition of desired snow properties by adjusting experimental parameters. The successful evaluation of snow properties in the presented experiments can substantially contribute to the establishment of practical data-set for further investigations to characterize wet snow accretion.

中文翻译：

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输电线路上湿积雪特性的评估 - 使用垂直板的实验方法的建立

摘要 降低输电线路雪灾风险是保障电力稳定供应的首要任务。为了获得可靠的数据来阐明输电线路上积雪的特征，进行室内实验是有效的。本报告描述了一种使用风洞在垂直板上积雪的实验方法，包括积雪密度和液态水含量等积雪特性的测量，可以扩展到测量积雪的剪切粘附应力。这些测量被系统地应用于风速、气温以及雪通量的不同条件，特别是针对湿积雪。根据测量数据，风速、气温的影响，研究了雪通量对雪密度和液态水含量的影响。该分析进一步扩展到包括对雪密度和液态水含量的参数评估，以检查它们对大气参数的依赖性。通过对风固结效应和热交换融雪的分析考虑，推导出通过风速、气温和积雪量估算雪密度和液态水含量的方程。实验结果验证了这些方程，可以通过调整实验参数来获得所需的雪特性。