The beam pumping unit has the characteristics of simple structure, reliability and durability. It is the most widely used artificial lifting method in oil fields worldwide. However, the inherent defects of the 4-bar linkage structure of the beam pumping unit result in high impact, low system efficiency and large motor rated power. In order to improve the efficiency of the pumping unit system and make full use of the inertial load of the moving parts, we established the dynamic model and optimization method of the variable speed drive pumping unit. This paper uses theoretical analysis, programming calculation and experimental research to complete the optimization calculation of variable speed of beam pumping unit, the calculation results show that the appropriate variable speed operation scheme can improve the system efficiency and power saving rate, reduce the motor power peak and torque peak, and reduce the crankcase torque peak and the suspension point load peak. Application results in oilfields show that the variable speed optimization technology can improve the comprehensive performance of the pumping well system, increase production, reduce energy consumption and improve safety.

光束抽运单元具有结构简单，可靠性高，经久耐用的特点。它是全球油田中使用最广泛的人工举升方法。但是，束流抽油机的4杆连杆机构的固有缺陷导致高冲击力，低系统效率和大电机额定功率。为了提高抽油机系统的效率，充分利用运动部件的惯性载荷，建立了变速驱动抽油机的动力学模型和优化方法。本文通过理论分析，程序设计计算和实验研究，完成了抽梁机变速的优化计算，计算结果表明，适当的变速方案可以提高系统效率和节电率，降低电动机功率峰值和转矩峰值，并减小曲轴箱转矩峰值和悬架负载峰值。在油田的应用结果表明，变速优化技术可以提高抽油井系统的综合性能，提高产量，降低能耗，提高安全性。