Abstract Atmospheric environment has a significant influence on ion current, space charge and ground-level electric field profiles of HVDC transmission lines, which attracts a huge amount of interest already. This work presents that the upwind finite element method is applied to calculate the ion flow model in the presence of aerosol particulates. The ion-aerosol attachment coefficient, electrical mobility and diffusion coefficient of charged aerosol are calculated by Fuchs theory and Stokes–Einstein relation. Application of the proposed approach to calculate monopolar and bipolar DC line provides an insight into the physical mechanism of effect of aerosol. Making some appropriate assumptions, computational results present a reasonable agreement with the long-term measured data within a certain aerosol density. It is found that aerosol has a significant influence on the spatial distributions of charge density. In the downwind direction, the ground-level electric field increases significantly because of the dominant of charged aerosol particles.

中文翻译：

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基于迎风有限元法的带电气溶胶颗粒存在下直流输电线路离子流环境计算

摘要 大气环境对高压直流输电线路的离子电流、空间电荷和地平面电场分布有显着影响，已引起广泛关注。这项工作提出了应用逆风有限元方法来计算存在气溶胶颗粒的离子流模型。通过Fuchs理论和Stokes-Einstein关系计算带电气溶胶的离子-气溶胶附着系数、电迁移率和扩散系数。应用所提出的方法来计算单极和双极直流线路，可以深入了解气溶胶效应的物理机制。做出一些适当的假设，计算结果与一定气溶胶密度内的长期测量数据具有合理的一致性。发现气溶胶对电荷密度的空间分布有显着影响。在下风向，由于带电气溶胶粒子占主导地位，地面电场显着增加。