Abstract Glass is a brittle material known to possess large scatter in its fracture strength, which is caused by the existence of microscopic surface flaws. Fracture in glass generally originates from stress concentrations around these flaws, which cause the fracture strength to be dependent on the flaw properties and the stress state on the glass surface. The fracture strength is also reported to increase with the loading rate. The current study aims to determine the probabilistic fracture strength of glass plates exposed to arbitrary loading and loading rates by a proposed rate-dependent strength prediction model (SPM). The SPM is based on the existence of microscopic surface flaws, and performs virtual experiments on glass plates through Monte Carlo simulations. To validate the SPM in some measure, we performed quasi-static punch tests and low-velocity impact tests on monolithic and laminated glass. The experimental work clearly demonstrated the stochastic fracture strength of glass, in addition to the load-rate dependency. The SPM managed to capture many of the trends observed in the experiments, such as the increase in fracture strength with the loading rate and the positions of fracture initiation in the glass.

中文翻译：

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单片和夹层玻璃的速率相关断裂：实验和模拟

摘要 玻璃是一种脆性材料，其断裂强度分散性很大，这是由于存在微观表面缺陷造成的。玻璃的断裂通常源于这些缺陷周围的应力集中，这导致断裂强度取决于缺陷特性和玻璃表面的应力状态。据报道，断裂强度也随着加载速率的增加而增加。目前的研究旨在通过建议的速率相关强度预测模型 (SPM) 确定暴露于任意加载和加载速率的玻璃板的概率断裂强度。SPM基于微观表面缺陷的存在，通过蒙特卡罗模拟对玻璃板进行虚拟实验。为了以某种方式验证 SPM，我们对单片和夹层玻璃进行了准静态冲压测试和低速冲击测试。实验工作清楚地证明了玻璃的随机断裂强度，以及负载率依赖性。SPM 设法捕捉到许多在实验中观察到的趋势，例如断裂强度随加载速率的增加和玻璃中断裂起始位置的增加。