In this study, a new energy efficient welding method called flux bands constricting arc (FBCA) welding was presented. A real-time electrical signal acquisition system and a high-speed camera system were proposed to understand the arc stability in FBCA welding. In ultra-narrow gap groove, the arc voltage and welding current in gas metal arc welding and FBCA welding experiments with various groove gaps (4–10 mm) were acquired. The dynamic characteristics, probability distributions, scatter graphs, and coefficients of variations of voltage and current during welding were adopted to determine the arc stability. Results indicate that flux bands considerably improve the arc stability in the ultra-narrow gap (<10 mm), and the arc stability in FBCA welding deteriorates with the decrease in groove gap. Metal transfer images in FBCA welding show that two metal transfer modes (short-circuiting and flux-wall guided transfers) exist in FBCA welding. The frequent arc extinction caused by the high proportion of flux-wall guided transfer is the main reason of poor arc stability in extreme narrow gap (<4 mm).

在这项研究中，提出了一种新的节能焊接方法，称为通量带收缩电弧焊（FBCA）。为了了解FBCA焊接的电弧稳定性，提出了一种实时电信号采集系统和一个高速摄像系统。在超窄间隙焊缝中，获得了在不同的焊缝间隙（4–10 mm）下进行的气体金属电弧焊和FBCA焊接实验中的电弧电压和焊接电流。采用动态特性，概率分布，散布图以及焊接过程中电压和电流的变化系数来确定电弧稳定性。结果表明，通量带显着改善了超窄间隙（<10 mm）中的电弧稳定性，而FBCA焊接中的电弧稳定性随着沟槽间隙的减小而降低。FBCA焊接中的金属转移图像显示，FBCA焊接中存在两种金属转移模式（短路转移和焊剂壁引导转移）。磁通壁导向传输的高比例引起的频繁熄灭电弧是极窄间隙（<4 mm）中电弧稳定性差的主要原因。