The action of glucocorticoids on target tissues is regulated by the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (codified by the NR3C1 and NR3C2 gene, respectively). Moreover, the prereceptor system, represented by the hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenases (HSD11Bs), catalyzes the interconversion from active glucocorticoids into inactive compounds. This study aimed to determine whether the expression of the prereceptor system, the corticosteroid receptors, and the molecules regulating their intracellular trafficking (FKBP prolyl isomerase 4 and FKBP prolyl isomerase 5) could be regulated in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and in different type of adipose tissue of calves by the administration of dexamethasone in combination with estradiol or prednisolone. Research about the glucocorticoid effects on bovine target tissues may allow development of new diagnostic methods that use potential molecular biomarkers of glucocorticoid treatment. The administration of dexamethasone in combination with estradiol increased the gene expression of HSD11B1 (P < 0.01), HSD11B2 (P < 0.05), NR3C1 (P < 0.01), and NR3C2 (P < 0.01) in the adrenal glands; NR3C2 in the intramuscular adipose tissue (P < 0.01), and HSD11B1 in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (P < 0.01). Prednisolone administration increased the gene expression of HSD11B1 (P < 0.01), NR3C1 (P < 0.05), and NR3C2 (P < 0.05) in the adrenal glands and HSD11B1 (P < 0.01) in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Interestingly, most of the examined tissues/organs showed a significant variation of FKBP5 gene expression after the administration of dexamethasone in combination with estradiol. So, these changes suggest that the FKBP5 gene expression could be a possible biomarker of the illegal dexamethasone administration in calves.

糖皮质激素和盐皮质激素受体（由NR3C1和NR3C2编码）调节糖皮质激素对靶组织的作用基因）。此外，以羟基类固醇11-β脱氢酶（HSD11Bs）为代表的受体系统催化了从活性糖皮质激素向非活性化合物的相互转化。这项研究旨在确定是否可以在下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴和不同类型中调节前受体系统，皮质类固醇受体以及调节其细胞内运输的分子（FKBP脯氨酰异构酶4和FKBP脯氨酰异构酶5）的表达。地塞米松联合雌二醇或泼尼松龙对小牛脂肪组织的影响。关于糖皮质激素对牛靶组织的作用的研究可能允许开发使用糖皮质激素治疗的潜在分子生物标记物的新诊断方法。肾上腺的HSD11B1（P <0.01），HSD11B2（P <0.05），NR3C1（P <0.01）和NR3C2（P <0.01）; 肌内脂肪组织中的NR3C2（P <0.01），皮下脂肪组织中的HSD11B1（P <0.01）。泼尼松龙的给药增加了肾上腺和HSD11B1中HSD11B1（P <0.01），NR3C1（P <0.05）和NR3C2（P <0.05）的基因表达。（P <0.01）在皮下脂肪组织中。有趣的是，在地塞米松与雌二醇联合给药后，大多数检查的组织/器官均显示FKBP5基因表达的显着变化。因此，这些变化表明，FKBP5基因表达可能是犊牛非法地塞米松给药的可能生物标记。