Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Advanced gastric cancer patients can notably benefit from chemotherapy including adriamycin, platinum drugs, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and paclitaxel as well as targeted therapy drugs. Nevertheless, primary drug resistance or acquisition drug resistance eventually lead to treatment failure and poor outcomes of the gastric cancer patients. The detailed mechanisms involved in gastric cancer drug resistance have been revealed. Interestingly, different noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are critically involved in gastric cancer development. Multiple lines of evidences demonstrated that ncRNAs play a vital role in gastric cancer resistance to chemotherapy reagents and targeted therapy drugs. In this review, we systematically summarized the emerging role and detailed molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs impact drug resistance of gastric cancer. Additionally, we propose the potential clinical implications of ncRNAs as novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer.

中文翻译：

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胃癌中的非编码 RNA：对耐药性的影响


胃癌是全球第四大常见恶性肿瘤，也是癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。晚期胃癌患者尤其可以从化疗中获益，包括阿霉素、铂类药物、5-氟尿嘧啶、长春新碱、紫杉醇以及靶向治疗药物。然而，原发性耐药或获得性耐药最终导致胃癌患者治疗失败和预后不良。胃癌耐药性的详细机制已被揭示。有趣的是，不同的非编码RNA（ncRNA），例如微小RNA（miRNA）、长非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA），在胃癌的发生发展中发挥着重要作用。多项证据表明，ncRNA在胃癌对化疗药物和靶向治疗药物的耐药性中发挥着至关重要的作用。在这篇综述中，我们系统地总结了ncRNA影响胃癌耐药的新兴作用和详细的分子机制。此外，我们提出了 ncRNA 作为胃癌新治疗靶点和预后生物标志物的潜在临床意义。