Ongoing efforts to fight Plasmodium falciparum malaria has reduced malaria in many areas, but new tools are needed to monitor further progress, including indicators of decreasing exposure to parasite infection. Sero-surveillance is considered promising to monitor exposure, transmission and immunity. IgG responses to three antigen biomarkers were evaluated in a retrospective study involving: (i) surveys of 798 asymptomatic villagers from 2 Senegalese endemic settings conducted before 2002 and after the 2013 intensification of control measures, and (ii) in 105 symptomatic individuals from different settings in Côte d’Ivoire. Response to up to eight P. falciparum antigens, including recombinant MSP1p9 antigen and LSA141 peptide, were analysed using multiplex technology and responses to whole P. falciparum schizont extract (SE, local strain adapted to culture) were measured by ELISA. MSP1p9 and LSA141 IgG responses were shown to be relevant indicators monitoring immune status in the different study sites both from Côte d’Ivoire and Senegal. Between 2002 and 2013, individuals participating in both studies showed higher decline of sero-positivity in young (< 15 years: range 12% to 50%) than older (> 15 years: no decline to 15%) individuals from Dielmo and Ndiop. A mathematical sero-catalytic model from the complete Dielmo/Ndiop survey was used to reconstruct declining levels of sero-positivity in more detail, demonstrating that anti-SE seroprevalence levels most accurately reflected malaria exposure in the two villages. For standard screening of population immune status at sites envisaging elimination, the use of ELISA-based assays targeting selected antigens can contribute to provide important epidemiologic surveillance data to aid malaria control programmes.

中文翻译：

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用于评估疟疾控制策略的多抗体筛选的实际例子

正在进行的与恶性疟原虫疟疾作斗争的努力已在许多地区减少了疟疾，但是需要新的工具来监测进一步的进展，包括减少接触寄生虫感染的指标。血清监测被认为有望监测暴露，传播和免疫。在一项回顾性研究中评估了对三种抗原生物标志物的IgG反应：（i）在2002年之前和2013年强化控制措施之后，对来自2个塞内加尔地方病地区的798名无症状村民进行了调查，以及（ii）来自不同地区的105名有症状个体在科特迪瓦。使用多重技术分析了对多达八种恶性疟原虫抗原（包括重组MSP1p9抗原和LSA141肽）的反应，并对整个恶性疟原虫裂殖体提取物（SE，通过ELISA测量适于培养的局部菌株）。已证明MSP1p9和LSA141 IgG应答是监测科特迪瓦和塞内加尔不同研究地点免疫状况的相关指标。在2002年至2013年之间，参与这两项研究的个体显示，来自Dielmo和Ndiop的年轻人（<15岁：范围在12％至50％）中的血清阳性率下降幅度大于年龄更大（> 15岁：未下降到15％）的血清阳性率。完整的Dielmo / Ndiop调查中的数学血清催化模型用于更详细地构建下降的血清阳性水平，表明抗SE血清阳性水平最准确地反映了两个村庄的疟疾暴露情况。为了在打算消除的地点进行标准的人群免疫状况筛查，