Sugar-sweetened drinks (SSDs) are known to be cariogenic, but this association has not been well investigated in population-based repeated cross-sectional studies in recent years. Therefore, this study examined whether SSD intake is associated with higher caries experience in 10- and 15-year-olds. The study sample included participants from the Munich study centre of two birth cohorts with data on non-cavitated caries lesions (NCCL/S), caries experience (DMF/S index), overall caries burden (DMF + NCCL/S) and SSD intake. In total, 915 and 996 children were included from the 10- and 15-year follow-ups, respectively. Intake (g/day) of SSDs, comprising cola, lemonade, ice-tea, sport/energy drinks, fruit squashes and nectars, was calculated from food frequency questionnaires. For analyses, the SSD intake was converted into portions (250 ml/day). Multiple logistic regression and prospective analysis models were performed to test associations between SSD intake and various definitions of caries, adjusting for sex, parental education, body mass index (BMI) categories, study cohort, plaque-affected sextants, mode of SSD consumption, energy content of SSDs, and total energy intake. The mean overall caries burden at 10 and 15 years of age was 1.81 (SD: 2.71) and 6.04 (SD: 8.13), respectively. The average consumption of SSDs at the 10- and 15-year follow-ups was 0.48 (SD: 0.85) and 0.83 (SD 1.40) portions/day, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, in 10-year-olds, SSD intake was significantly associated with higher caries experience based on the indices DMF/S (adjusted odds ratio: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.06–1.57), NCCL/S (1.24; 1.03–1.49) and DMF + NCCL/S (1.27; 1.05–1.55). At the 15-year follow-up, SSD consumption was significantly associated with increased DMF/S index (1.12; 1.01–1.25) only. Prospective model associating 10-year SSD intake with 15-year caries experience was not significant. SSD intake significantly increases the caries burden in 10-year-olds, with attenuated effects in 15-year-olds. To prevent caries, SSD consumption should be reduced, especially in children and adolescents.

中文翻译：

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含糖饮料与 10 岁和 15 岁儿童龋齿的关联。

众所周知，含糖饮料（SSD）具有致龋性，但近年来，这种关联尚未在基于人群的重复横断面研究中得到充分研究。因此，本研究探讨了 SSD 摄入量是否与 10 岁和 15 岁儿童患龋率较高有关。研究样本包括来自慕尼黑研究中心的两个出生队列的参与者，其数据包括非空洞龋齿病变 (NCCL/S)、龋齿经历（DMF/S 指数）、总体龋齿负担（DMF + NCCL/S）和 SSD 摄入量。总共有 915 名和 996 名儿童参与了 10 年和 15 年的随访。SSD 的摄入量（克/天），包括可乐、柠檬水、冰茶、运动/能量饮料、南瓜和花蜜，是根据食物频率调查问卷计算得出的。为了进行分析，SSD 摄入量被转换为份数（250 毫升/天）。采用多重逻辑回归和前瞻性分析模型来测试 SSD 摄入量与各种龋齿定义之间的关联，并根据性别、父母教育程度、体重指数 (BMI) 类别、研究队列、受牙菌斑影响的六分仪、SSD 消耗模式、能量进行调整SSD 的含量和总能量摄入量。10 岁和 15 岁时的平均总体龋齿负担分别为 1.81 (SD: 2.71) 和 6.04 (SD: 8.13)。10 年和 15 年随访中 SSD 的平均消耗量分别为 0.48 (SD: 0.85) 和 0.83 (SD 1.40) 份/天。调整混杂因素后，根据 DMF/S 指数（调整后优势比：1.29；95% CI：1.06–1.57）、NCCL/S（1.24；95% CI：1.06-1.57），10 岁儿童中 SSD 摄入量与较高的龋齿经历显着相关。 1.03–1.49) 和 DMF + NCCL/S (1.27; 1.05–1.55)。在 15 年的随访中，SSD 消耗仅与 DMF/S 指数 (1.12; 1.01–1.25) 的增加显着相关。将 10 年 SSD 摄入量与 15 年龋齿经历相关联的前瞻性模型并不显着。SSD 摄入量显着增加 10 岁儿童的龋齿负担，但对 15 岁儿童的影响减弱。为了预防龋齿，应减少SSD的消耗，尤其是儿童和青少年。