Narrow-spectrum antimicrobials specifically eradicate the target pathogens but suffer from significantly lagging development. Photodynamic therapy eliminates cells with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated upon light irradiation but is intrinsically a wide-spectrum modality. We herein converted photodynamic therapy into a narrow-spectrum modality by taking advantage of a previously unnoticed physics recognition pathway. We found that negatively charged nanospheres undergo selective entropy gain-driven adsorption onto spherical bacteria, but not onto rod-like bacteria. This bacterial morphology-targeting selectivity, combined with the extremely limited effective radii of action of ROS, enabled photodynamic nanospheres to kill >99% of inoculated spherical bacteria upon light irradiation and <1% of rod-like bacteria under comparable conditions, indicative of narrow-spectrum activity against spherical bacteria. This work unveils the bacterial morphology selectivity in the adsorption of negatively charged nanospheres and suggests a new approach for treating infections characterized by overthriving spherical bacteria in niches naturally dominated by rod-like bacteria.

中文翻译：

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球形细菌对纳米球的选择性熵增益驱动吸附赋予了窄光谱活性光动力处理能力。

窄谱抗微生物剂可以根除目标病原体，但发展滞后。光动力疗法可以消除光照射时产生的具有活性氧（ROS）的细胞，但本质上是一种广谱模式。我们在这里通过利用以前未注意到的物理识别途径将光动力疗法转换为窄谱模态。我们发现带负电荷的纳米球在球形细菌上经历选择性熵增益驱动的吸附，而在棒状细菌上则没有。这种以细菌形态学为目标的选择性，与活性氧的有效作用半径极为有限相结合，使光动力学纳米球能够在光照射下杀死> 99％的已接种球形细菌，而< 在可比较的条件下，只有1％的杆状细菌，表明针对球形细菌的窄谱活性。这项工作揭示了带负电荷的纳米球吸附中细菌形态学的选择性，并提出了一种新的治疗感染的方法，这种感染的特征是在杆状细菌自然支配的壁ches中过度繁殖球形细菌。