Since the discovery two decades ago that transgenes are efficiently integrated into the genome by homologous recombination in the moss Physcomitrella patens, it has been a premier model system to study evolutionary development (evo-devo) questions, stem cell reprogramming, as well as explore the biology of non-vascular plants. P. patens was the first non-seed plant to have its genome sequenced and with this level of genomic information together with increasing molecular genetic tools, a large number of reverse genetic studies have propelled the use of this model system. However, a number of technological advances have recently opened the doors to forward genetics as well as extremely efficient and precise genome editing. Additionally, careful phylogenetic studies with increased resolution suggest that P. patens emerged from within Physcomitrium. Thus, rather than Physcomitrella patens the species should be named Physcomitrium patens. Here we review these advances and describe the areas where P. patens has had the most impact on plant biology.

自从20年前发现苔藓小叶藓（Physcomitrella patens）中通过同源重组将转基因有效整合到基因组以来，它一直是研究进化发展（evo-devo）问题，干细胞重编程以及探索基因的主要模型系统。非维管植物的生物学。彭氏假单胞菌它是第一个对其基因组进行测序的非种子植物，具有如此高水平的基因组信息以及越来越多的分子遗传工具，大量的反向遗传研究推动了该模型系统的使用。但是，最近有许多技术进步为遗传学以及极其有效和精确的基因组编辑打开了大门。此外，仔细的系统发育研究以增加的分辨率表明，P。patens从Physcomitrium内部出现。因此，而不是小立碗藓的品种应被命名为Physcomitrium藓。在这里，我们回顾这些进展并描述P. patens的领域 对植物生物学的影响最大。