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Educational interventions on nutrition among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Maturitas ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.03.003
Felix Jesus Neves 1 , Luciana Yuki Tomita 1 , Angela Sun Li Wu Liu 1 , Solange Andreoni 1 , Luiz Roberto Ramos 1
Affiliation  

Poor nutrition is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Dietary interventions have been proposed to improve eating habits. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of randomized clinical trials of nutritional interventions in food habits among older people. A systematic literature review using the MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases was conducted, according to PRISMA guidelines. The keywords were: food and nutrition education OR educación alimentaria y nutricional OR educação alimentar e nutricional AND clinical trial OR ensayo clínico OR ensaio clínico AND elderly OR aged OR anciano OR idoso AND human OR seres humanos. The pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using I² tests. After screening based on the title and abstract, and a full-text assessment, 11 studies remained. Results of pooling eleven studies were as follows: SMD = 0.25 (95 % CI = 0.15 - 0.34; I² = 0,0%) for vegetable, SMD = 0.18 (95 % CI = 0.08 - 0.27; I² = 0,0%) for fruit and SMD = 0.27 (95 % CI = 0.18 - 0.36; I² = 58,3%) for fibre intake. Our results suggest that nutritional interventions were effective in increasing vegetable, fruit and fibre intake. However, these results should be analyzed carefully, due to the small number of studies included in the meta-analysis. Further studies should be encouraged due to the aging process.

中文翻译:

老年人营养教育干预:随机临床试验的系统评价和荟萃分析

营养不良是非传染性疾病和营养缺乏的主要风险因素。已经提出饮食干预来改善饮食习惯。本系统评价的目的是评估营养干预对老年人饮食习惯的随机临床试验的效果。根据 PRISMA 指南,使用 MEDLINE、LILACS、Scopus、Cochrane 图书馆、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 数据库进行了系统的文献综述。关键词是:食品和营养教育 OR educación alimentaria y nutricional OR educação alimentar e nutricional AND 临床试验 OR ensayo clínico OR ensaio clínico AND 老年 OR 老年 OR anciano OR idoso AND human OR seres humanos。使用随机效应模型估计合并的标准化平均差 (SMD) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI)。使用 I² 测试评估研究之间的异质性。根据标题和摘要进行筛选,并进行全文评估,剩下 11 项研究。汇集 11 项研究的结果如下:蔬菜的 SMD = 0.25(95 % CI = 0.15 - 0.34;I² = 0.0%),SMD = 0.18(95 % CI = 0.08 - 0.27;I² = 0.0%)水果和 SMD = 0.27(95 % CI = 0.18 - 0.36;I² = 58,3%)纤维摄入量。我们的结果表明,营养干预可有效增加蔬菜、水果和纤维的摄入量。然而,由于荟萃分析中包含的研究数量很少,因此应仔细分析这些结果。由于老化过程,应鼓励进一步研究。使用 I² 测试评估研究之间的异质性。根据标题和摘要进行筛选,并进行全文评估,剩下 11 项研究。汇集 11 项研究的结果如下:蔬菜的 SMD = 0.25(95 % CI = 0.15 - 0.34;I² = 0.0%),SMD = 0.18(95 % CI = 0.08 - 0.27;I² = 0.0%)水果和 SMD = 0.27(95 % CI = 0.18 - 0.36;I² = 58,3%)纤维摄入量。我们的结果表明,营养干预可有效增加蔬菜、水果和纤维的摄入量。然而,由于荟萃分析中包含的研究数量很少,因此应仔细分析这些结果。由于老化过程,应鼓励进一步研究。使用 I² 测试评估研究之间的异质性。根据标题和摘要进行筛选,并进行全文评估,剩下 11 项研究。汇集 11 项研究的结果如下:蔬菜的 SMD = 0.25(95 % CI = 0.15 - 0.34;I² = 0.0%),SMD = 0.18(95 % CI = 0.08 - 0.27;I² = 0.0%)水果和 SMD = 0.27(95 % CI = 0.18 - 0.36;I² = 58,3%)纤维摄入量。我们的结果表明,营养干预可有效增加蔬菜、水果和纤维的摄入量。然而,由于荟萃分析中包含的研究数量很少,因此应仔细分析这些结果。由于老化过程,应鼓励进一步研究。汇集 11 项研究的结果如下:蔬菜的 SMD = 0.25(95 % CI = 0.15 - 0.34;I² = 0.0%),SMD = 0.18(95 % CI = 0.08 - 0.27;I² = 0.0%)水果和 SMD = 0.27(95 % CI = 0.18 - 0.36;I² = 58,3%)纤维摄入量。我们的结果表明,营养干预可有效增加蔬菜、水果和纤维的摄入量。然而,由于荟萃分析中包含的研究数量很少,因此应仔细分析这些结果。由于老化过程,应鼓励进一步研究。汇集 11 项研究的结果如下:蔬菜的 SMD = 0.25(95 % CI = 0.15 - 0.34;I² = 0.0%),SMD = 0.18(95 % CI = 0.08 - 0.27;I² = 0.0%)水果和 SMD = 0.27(95 % CI = 0.18 - 0.36;I² = 58,3%)纤维摄入量。我们的结果表明,营养干预可有效增加蔬菜、水果和纤维的摄入量。然而,由于荟萃分析中包含的研究数量很少,因此应仔细分析这些结果。由于老化过程,应鼓励进一步研究。由于荟萃分析中包含的研究数量很少,因此应对这些结果进行仔细分析。由于老化过程,应鼓励进一步研究。由于荟萃分析中包含的研究数量很少,因此应对这些结果进行仔细分析。由于老化过程,应鼓励进一步研究。
更新日期:2020-06-01
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