BACKGROUND The effectiveness of psychological treatments for auditory hallucinations ('voices') needs to be enhanced. Some forms of novel treatment are working within relational frameworks to support patients to relate assertively to distressing voices. Yet, no measure of assertive relating to voices is available to assess the extent to which this skill is developed during therapy. This study aimed to assess the factor structure and validity of two new questionnaires: a measure of relating to voices and a measure of social relating. METHODS The relating measures were developed in consultation with members of the international research community and validated in a large sample (N = 402) of voice hearing patients within the UK. The measures were subjected to factor analysis and compared to measures of voice hearing, mental health and well-being to evaluate construct, convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity. RESULTS Factor analysis confirmed a three-dimensional set of items that measure assertive and non-assertive (passive and aggressive) relating. This resulted in the validation of the 'Approve' questionnaires - two 15-item measures of relating to voices and other people. CONCLUSION The Approve questionnaires can be used to assess a patient's suitability for relationally-based psychological therapies for distressing voices and the extent to which assertive relating skills are developed during the therapy.

中文翻译：

---

Approve 问卷的构建和验证 - 与声音和其他人相关的措施

背景技术对幻听（“声音”）的心理治疗的有效性需要提高。某些形式的新疗法正在相关框架内发挥作用，以支持患者对令人痛苦的声音做出果断的回应。然而，没有任何与声音有关的自信措施可用于评估这种技能在治疗过程中的发展程度。本研究旨在评估两个新问卷的因素结构和有效性：与声音相关的测量和社会相关的测量。方法 相关措施是与国际研究界成员协商制定的，并在英国语音听力患者的大样本（N = 402）中进行了验证。这些措施进行了因素分析，并与语音听力的措施进行了比较，心理健康和幸福感来评估结构效度、收敛效度、判别效度和标准效度。结果 因子分析证实了一组测量断言和非断言（被动和攻击性）相关的三维项目。这导致了“批准”问卷的验证 - 两个与声音和其他人相关的 15 项措施。结论 Approve 问卷可用于评估患者是否适合进行基于关系的心理治疗，以治疗痛苦的声音，以及在治疗过程中发展自信相关技能的程度。这导致了“批准”问卷的验证 - 两个与声音和其他人相关的 15 项措施。结论 Approve 问卷可用于评估患者是否适合进行基于关系的心理治疗，以治疗痛苦的声音，以及在治疗过程中发展自信相关技能的程度。这导致了“批准”问卷的验证 - 两个与声音和其他人相关的 15 项措施。结论 Approve 问卷可用于评估患者是否适合进行基于关系的心理治疗，以治疗痛苦的声音，以及在治疗过程中发展自信相关技能的程度。