BACKGROUND Glutathione S-transferases play a key role in the detoxification of persistent oxidative stress products which are one of several risks factors that may be associated with many types of disease processes such as cancer, diabetes, and hypertension. In the present study, we characterize the null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in order to investigate the association between them and the risk of developing essential hypertension. METHODS We conducted a case-control study in Burkina Faso, including 245 subjects with essential hypertension as case and 269 control subjects with normal blood pressure. Presence of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 was determined using conventional multiplex polymerase chain reaction followed by gel electrophoresis analysis. Biochemical parameters were measured using chemistry analyzer CYANExpert 130. RESULTS Chi-squared test shows that GSTT1-null (OR = 1.82; p = 0.001) and GSTM1-active/GSTT1-null genotypes (OR = 2.33; p <  0.001) were significantly higher in cases than controls; the differences were not significant for GSTM1-null, GSTM1-null/GSTT1-active and GSTM1-null/GSTT1-null (p > 0.05). Multinomial logistic regression revealed that age ≥ 50 years, central obesity, family history of hypertension, obesity, alcohol intake and GSTT1 deletion were in decreasing order independent risk factors for essential hypertension. Analysis by gender, BMI and alcohol showed that association of GSTT1-null with risk of essential hypertension seems to be significant when BMI < 30 Kg/m2, in non-smokers and in alcohol users (all OR ≥ 1.77; p ≤ 0.008). Concerning GSTT1, GSTM1 and cardiovascular risk markers levels in hypertensive group, we found that subjects with GSTT1-null genotype had higher waist circumference and higher HDL cholesterol level than those with GSTT1-active (all p <  0.005), subjects with GSTM1-null genotype had lower triglyceride than those with GSTM1-active (p = 0.02) and subjects with the double deletion GSTM1-null/GSTT1-null had higher body mass index, higher waist circumference and higher HDL cholesterol than those with GSTM1-active/GSTT1-active genotype (all p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Our results confirm that GSTT1-null genotype is significantly associated with risk of developing essential hypertension in Burkinabe, especially when BMI < 30 Kg/m2, in non-smokers and in alcohol users, and it showed that the double deletion GSTM1-null/GSTT1-null genotypes may influence body lipids repartition.

中文翻译：

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谷胱甘肽S-转移酶M1和T1基因缺失多态性和发生原发性高血压的风险：布基纳法索人口（西非）的病例对照研究。

背景技术谷胱甘肽S-转移酶在持久性氧化应激产物的解毒中起关键作用，所述氧化应激产物是可能与多种类型的疾病过程如癌症，糖尿病和高血压相关的几种风险因素之一。在本研究中，我们表征了GSTM1和GSTT1的无效基因型，以研究它们与发生原发性高血压的风险之间的关联。方法我们在布基纳法索进行了一项病例对照研究，包括245名患有原发性高血压的受试者和269名血压正常的对照受试者。GSTT1和GSTM1的存在是使用常规的多重聚合酶链反应，然后进行凝胶电泳分析来确定的。使用化学分析仪CYANExpert 130测量生化参数。结果卡方检验显示，与对照组相比，GSTT1-null（OR = 1.82; p = 0.001）和GSTM1-active / GSTT1-null基因型（OR = 2.33; p <0.001）高得多。对于GSTM1-null，GSTM1-null / GSTT1-active和GSTM1-null / GSTT1-null，差异不显着（p> 0.05）。多项logistic回归分析显示，年龄≥50岁，中心型肥胖，高血压家族史，肥胖，饮酒和GSTT1缺失是降压的原发性高血压的独立危险因素。按性别，BMI和酒精进行的分析表明，在BMI <30 Kg / m2，非吸烟者和酗酒者中（所有OR≥1.77； p≤0.008），GSTT1-null与原发性高血压的危险性相关。关于高血压组的GSTT1，GSTM1和心血管危险标志物水平，我们发现，具有GSTT1无效基因型的受试者的腰围和HDL胆固醇水平高于具有GSTT1活性的受试者（所有p <0.005），具有GSTM1无效基因型的受试者的甘油三酸酯低于具有GSTM1活性的受试者（p = 0.02）。 ）和双重缺失GSTM1-null / GSTT1-null的受试者比GSTM1-active / GSTT1-active基因型的受试者具有更高的体重指数，更高的腰围和更高的HDL胆固醇（所有p = 0.01）。结论我们的结果证实，GSTT1无效的基因型与布基纳法索发生原发性高血压的风险显着相关，特别是当BMI <30 Kg / m2时，非吸烟者和饮酒的人，其双重缺失GSTM1无效/ GSTT1-null基因型可能会影响体内脂质的重新分配。