Recent clinical and neurobehavioral evidence suggests cerebellar dysfunction in schizophrenia (SZ). We used the prism adaptation motor task (PAT) to probe specific cerebellar circuits in the disorder. PAT requires cerebellum-dependent motor adaptation, perceptual remapping, and strategic control. A failure to engage in early corrective processes may indicate impairment within either the cerebellum or regions contributing to strategic components, such as the parietal lobe, while an inability to develop and retain a visuomotor shift with time strongly suggests cerebellar impairment. Thirty-one individuals with SZ and 31 individuals without a history of psychological disorders completed PAT. Subjects reached to a target before, during, and following prism exposure, while their movements were recorded using motion-sensing technology. The SZ group performed worse on conditions consisting of adaptation, post-adaptation, aftereffects, and reorientation, thereby demonstrating a failure to adapt to the same degree as healthy controls. SZ performance remained impaired even with visual feedback and did not differ from controls at baseline, suggesting the observed deficit is specific to adaptation. Results indicate that sensorimotor adaptation is impaired in SZ and implicate disturbances in cerebellar circuits.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症的棱镜适应缺陷

最近的临床和神经行为学证据表明精神分裂症（SZ）中的小脑功能障碍。我们使用棱镜适应运动任务（PAT）来探查该疾病中特定的小脑回路。PAT需要依赖小脑的运动适应，知觉重新映射和策略控制。未能进行早期矫正过程可能表明小脑或构成战略成分（例如顶叶）的区域内的损伤，而无法随时间发展并保持视觉运动性移位则强烈提示小脑损伤。31名患有SZ的患者和31名无心理疾病史的患者完成了PAT。受试者在棱镜曝光之前，期间和之后到达目标，同时使用运动感应技术记录其运动。SZ组在适应，适应后，后效应和重新定向等条件下表现较差，从而表明无法适应与健康对照相同的程度。即使有视觉反馈，SZ表现仍然受损，并且与基线时的对照无差异，这表明观察到的缺陷是适应性特有的。结果表明，SZ会损害感觉运动适应，并牵涉小脑回路的干扰。